HEIDENHAIN 光柵尺 689697-09翊霈推薦供應
發布日期(qi)：2023-12-21
簡要描述：
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，也稱為(wei)(wei)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)位移傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器（光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器），是(shi)利用(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學原(yuan)(yuan)理工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)反(fan)饋裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)經常應(ying)用(yong)于數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)閉環伺服系(xi)統中，可用(yong)作(zuo)直線位移或者角(jiao)(jiao)位移的(de)(de)檢測(ce)(ce)。其(qi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)輸出(chu)的(de)(de)信號為(wei)(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字脈沖，具有檢測(ce)(ce)范(fan)圍大(da)，檢測(ce)(ce)精度高(gao)，響應(ying)速度快(kuai)的(de)(de)特(te)點。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)按照制造(zao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法和(he)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學原(yuan)(yuan)理的(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)，分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)透射(she)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)和(he)反(fan)射(she)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)由(you)(you)標(biao)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)和(he)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)兩部(bu)分(fen)(fen)組(zu)成。標(biao)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)一(yi)般固定在(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)固定部(bu)件(jian)上(shang)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)活動(dong)部(bu)件(jian)上(shang)，指示光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)中。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)位移的(de)(de)實質(zhi)是(shi)以(yi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)距(ju)(ju)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)把(ba)標(biao)準尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)子對(dui)(dui)位稱量(liang)(liang)(liang)進(jin)行(xing)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。高(gao)分(fen)(fen)辨(bian)率的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)般造(zao)價較貴，且(qie)制造(zao)困難。為(wei)(wei)了提(ti)高(gao)系(xi)統分(fen)(fen)辨(bian)率，需要對(dui)(dui)莫(mo)爾(er)條(tiao)(tiao)紋(wen)進(jin)行(xing)細分(fen)(fen)，目前（2006年）光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器系(xi)統多(duo)采用(yong)電(dian)子細分(fen)(fen)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法。當兩塊光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)以(yi)微小傾角(jiao)(jiao)重疊時(shi)，在(zai)與(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)刻線大(da)致(zhi)垂直的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向上(shang)就會產生莫(mo)爾(er)條(tiao)(tiao)紋(wen)，隨(sui)著光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)移動(dong)，莫(mo)爾(er)條(tiao)(tiao)紋(wen)也隨(sui)之上(shang)下移動(dong)。這樣就把(ba)對(dui)(dui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)距(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)轉換(huan)為(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)莫(mo)爾(er)條(tiao)(tiao)紋(wen)個數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。一(yi)般將(jiang)主(zhu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)臺（滑板）上(shang)，隨(sui)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)走刀而動(dong)，讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)固定在(zai)床(chuang)(chuang)身(shen)上(shang)，盡可能使讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)主(zhu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)下方(fang)(fang)(fang)。其(qi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式的(de)(de)選(xuan)擇必(bi)須(xu)注意切屑(xie)、切削(xue)液及(ji)油液的(de)(de)濺落方(fang)(fang)(fang)向。如果由(you)(you)于安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)位置限制必(bi)須(xu)采用(yong)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)朝(chao)上(shang)的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)時(shi)，則必(bi)須(xu)增(zeng)加(jia)輔助密(mi)封裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置。另外，一(yi)般情況(kuang)下，讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)應(ying)盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)相對(dui)(dui)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)靜(jing)止(zhi)部(bu)件(jian)上(shang)，此(ci)時(shi)輸出(chu)導線不(bu)移動(dong)易固定，而尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)身(shen)則應(ying)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)相對(dui)(dui)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)運動(dong)的(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)上(shang)（如滑板）。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)檢測(ce)(ce)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置的(de)(de)關鍵部(bu)分(fen)(fen)是(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，它由(you)(you)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)源(yuan)、會聚透鏡、指示光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)、光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)元件(jian)及(ji)調(diao)整機(ji)構(gou)等組(zu)成。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)結構(gou)形(xing)式很(hen)多(duo)，根據讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)結構(gou)特(te)點和(he)使用(yong)場合(he)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)直接接收式讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(或稱硅光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)池讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、鏡像式讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、分(fen)(fen)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)鏡式讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、金(jin)屬光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)反(fan)射(she)式讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)）。
流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)主要是(shi)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、氣、油等(deng)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)管路中(zhong)在(zai)線或(huo)者插入(ru)(ru)式安裝監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)。在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)于(yu)(yu)或(huo)者低于(yu)(yu)某一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)設定點(dian)時(shi)候觸發(fa)輸出報(bao)警信(xin)(xin)號(hao)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞給(gei)機組，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)獲取信(xin)(xin)號(hao)后即(ji)(ji)可(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。避免或(huo)減(jian)少主機“干燒”。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)原(yuan)(yuan)理當(dang)(dang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)≥1.0L/min時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁芯(xin)(xin)受水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)位(wei)(wei)(wei)移，磁芯(xin)(xin)位(wei)(wei)(wei)移帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)磁源產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)磁控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)使(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)輸出“通”信(xin)(xin)號(hao)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)快易優自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)選型有(you)收(shou)(shou)錄，該(gai)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)輸入(ru)(ru)設備控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，經(jing)(jing)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)實現控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，當(dang)(dang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)輸出“斷”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)。控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)與上述相反的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。換(huan)句(ju)話說就是(shi)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)當(dang)(dang)管路中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)1L/min流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，磁芯(xin)(xin)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下(xia)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)位(wei)(wei)(wei)移并(bing)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)磁源產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)磁控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)使(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出"1"開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)信(xin)(xin)號(hao),該(gai)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)輸入(ru)(ru)到設備控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，經(jing)(jing)功率擴放大(da)后實現以(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。當(dang)(dang)管路中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)1L/min流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)后，磁芯(xin)(xin)在(zai)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)彈簧(huang)推力作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下(xia)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)磁源回位(wei)(wei)(wei)，使(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出"0"開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)信(xin)(xin)號(hao),停止系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)具有(you)靈敏度高(gao)、耐久性強等(deng)優點(dian) 。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)式流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)探(tan)(tan)測(ce)(ce)頭(tou)溫(wen)(wen)度變(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)理設計。在(zai)探(tan)(tan)頭(tou)內(nei)置發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)及感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，并(bing)與介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)接觸。測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)發(fa)出恒(heng)(heng)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，當(dang)(dang)管道內(nei)沒有(you)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)接收(shou)(shou)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)恒(heng)(heng)定值(zhi)，當(dang)(dang)有(you)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)，感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)接收(shou)(shou)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)將隨(sui)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)變(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)化(hua)，感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)將這溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)化(hua)成電(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)，再經(jing)(jing)過(guo)電(dian)路轉(zhuan)換(huan)為對應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接點(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)或(huo)模(mo)擬量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擴散(san)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)原(yuan)(yuan)理，熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擴散(san)技(ji)(ji)術是(shi)一(yi)種在(zai)苛刻條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)下(xia)性能(neng)優良、可(ke)靠性高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術，其(qi)典型原(yuan)(yuan)理是(shi)當(dang)(dang)兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)被(bei)置于(yu)(yu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)中(zhong)時(shi)，其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應(ying)過(guo)程溫(wen)(wen)度。兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)與過(guo)程流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)及過(guo)程介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性質(zhi)(zhi)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)。兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)在(zai)無(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)最大(da)，但隨(sui)著(zhu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增加(jia)，被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)冷卻，溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)直接影(ying)響熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擴散(san)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程度。紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)線水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)也叫紅(hong)外(wai)(wai)線水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)行業中(zhong)新起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)新技(ji)(ji)術產(chan)(chan)業即(ji)(ji)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口，以(yi)探(tan)(tan)測(ce)(ce)進入(ru)(ru)即(ji)(ji)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)式電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)與關(guan)(guan)(guan)機功能(neng)。特別適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)即(ji)(ji)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)式電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)配套裝置，將探(tan)(tan)測(ce)(ce)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與溫(wen)(wen)度及時(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞給(gei)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，達到快速(su)(su)恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。也適(shi)(shi)合類(lei)似產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)探(tan)(tan)測(ce)(ce)需求使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，通常(chang)簡稱(cheng)其(qi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)納電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本領為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，用(yong)字(zi)母C表示(shi)。定義1：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，顧名(ming)(ming)思義，是(shi)(shi)(shi)‘裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)’，是(shi)(shi)(shi)一種容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)納電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件。英文名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)：capacitor。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備中大量使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)件之一，廣泛應用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隔直(zhi)通交，耦合，旁(pang)路(lu)，濾波，調諧(xie)回路(lu)， 能量轉換，控制等(deng)方面。定義2：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，任何兩個(ge)(ge)彼此絕(jue)緣且(qie)相隔很近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導體（包括(kuo)導線）間都構(gou)成一個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由兩端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)和中間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)（包括(kuo)空氣）構(gou)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)，極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)差），但是(shi)(shi)(shi)由于中間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)，所以整個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。不(bu)過，這樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在沒有(you)超過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臨界(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓（擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提條(tiao)件下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。我們(men)(men)知(zhi)道，任何物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)相對絕(jue)緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，當(dang)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)兩端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓加大到一定程度后(hou)(hou)，物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)都可以導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，我們(men)(men)稱(cheng)這個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓叫(jiao)擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)也不(bu)例外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)被(bei)擊(ji)穿(chuan)后(hou)(hou)，就(jiu)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)絕(jue)緣體了。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)以后(hou)(hou),在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)下(xia),與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)相接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 自由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子將經過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)移(yi)到與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)相接的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)下(xia), 正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)由于失(shi)去負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)而帶(dai)正(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian), 負 極(ji)(ji)(ji)由于獲得負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)而帶(dai)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),正(zheng)(zheng),負極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)所帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)大小相等(deng),符號(hao)相反.
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