編碼器（encoder）是將信號（如比特流）或數據進行編制、轉換為可用以通訊、傳輸和存儲的信號形式的設備。編碼器把角位移或直線位移轉換成電信號，前者稱為碼盤，后者稱為碼尺。按照讀出方式編碼器可以分為接觸式和非接觸式兩種；
由一個中心有軸的光電碼盤，其上有環形通、暗的刻線，有光電發射和接收器件讀取，獲得四組正弦波信號組合成A、B、C、D,每個正弦波相差90度相位差（相對于一個周波為360度），將C、D信號反向，疊加在A、B兩相上，可增強穩定信號；另每轉輸出一個Z相脈沖以代表零位參考位。
由于A、B兩相(xiang)(xiang)相(xiang)(xiang)差90度(du)，可通過(guo)比(bi)較A相(xiang)(xiang)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)還是(shi)B相(xiang)(xiang)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)，以判別編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)的(de)正轉與反轉，通過(guo)零(ling)(ling)位脈沖，可獲得編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)的(de)零(ling)(ling)位參考位。編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)碼(ma)(ma)盤(pan)的(de)材料(liao)有玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)、金(jin)屬(shu)、塑料(liao)，玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)碼(ma)(ma)盤(pan)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)上沉積很薄(bo)的(de)刻線(xian)，其(qi)(qi)熱(re)穩定(ding)性好，精(jing)度(du)高，金(jin)屬(shu)碼(ma)(ma)盤(pan)直接以通和不通刻線(xian)，不易碎，但(dan)由于金(jin)屬(shu)有一定(ding)的(de)厚(hou)度(du)，精(jing)度(du)就有限制，其(qi)(qi)熱(re)穩定(ding)性就要比(bi)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)的(de)差一個數量級，塑料(liao)碼(ma)(ma)盤(pan)是(shi)經(jing)濟型的(de)，其(qi)(qi)成本低，但(dan)精(jing)度(du)、熱(re)穩定(ding)性、壽命(ming)均要差一些。

保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(fuse)也被稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，IEC127標(biao)準將它定(ding)義為(wei)"熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)體（fuse-link)"。其(qi)主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)起(qi)過載保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)正(zheng)確安(an)置保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)異(yi)(yi)常升高(gao)到一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)和(he)(he)熱(re)度(du)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候(hou)，自身(shen)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)安(an)全運行。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)發(fa)生(sheng)故障或異(yi)(yi)常時(shi)(shi)，伴隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)不斷(duan)(duan)升高(gao)，并且(qie)升高(gao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能(neng)損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)某些重要(yao)(yao)器(qi)件，也有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能(neng)燒毀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)甚(shen)至造成火災。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)正(zheng)確地(di)(di)安(an)置了保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，那么保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)異(yi)(yi)常升高(gao)到一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)和(he)(he)熱(re)度(du)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候(hou)，自身(shen)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，從(cong)而起(qi)到保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)安(an)全運行的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。一(yi)般保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)由(you)三(san)個(ge)(ge)(ge)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)組成：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體部(bu)分(fen)(fen)，它是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)核心，熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)時(shi)(shi)起(qi)到切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，同一(yi)類(lei)、同一(yi)規格保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體，材質要(yao)(yao)相(xiang)同、幾何尺寸(cun)要(yao)(yao)相(xiang)同、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值(zhi)盡可(ke)能(neng)地(di)(di)小(xiao)且(qie)要(yao)(yao)一(yi)致，最重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)特性(xing)(xing)要(yao)(yao)一(yi)致，家(jia)用(yong)(yong)(yong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛銻合金制成；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極部(bu)分(fen)(fen)，通常有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)，它是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)聯接(jie)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)部(bu)件，它必(bi)(bi)須(xu)有(you)(you)(you)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)，不應產(chan)生(sheng)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)接(jie)觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)；三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)支架部(bu)分(fen)(fen)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體一(yi)般都纖細柔軟的(de)(de)，支架的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體固定(ding)并使(shi)三(san)個(ge)(ge)(ge)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)成為(wei)剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)整體便于(yu)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，它必(bi)(bi)須(xu)有(you)(you)(you)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)機械(xie)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)、絕緣性(xing)(xing)、耐熱(re)性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)阻(zu)燃(ran)性(xing)(xing)，在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)不應產(chan)生(sheng)斷(duan)(duan)裂、變形、燃(ran)燒及短路(lu)(lu)等現象。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)及大(da)功率設備(bei)所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，不僅有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)般保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)三(san)個(ge)(ge)(ge)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)，而且(qie)還有(you)(you)(you)滅弧裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，因為(wei)這(zhe)類(lei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)所(suo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)不僅工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)較(jiao)大(da)，而且(qie)當(dang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體發(fa)生(sheng)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)時(shi)(shi)其(qi)兩(liang)端的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓也很高(gao)，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)會出現熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體已熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)化（熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)）甚(shen)至已汽(qi)化，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)并沒有(you)(you)(you)切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)(duan)，其(qi)原因就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)一(yi)瞬間(jian)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)下，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)兩(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極之間(jian)發(fa)生(sheng)拉弧現象。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)滅弧裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置必(bi)(bi)須(xu)有(you)(you)(you)很強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)絕緣性(xing)(xing)與很好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)導熱(re)性(xing)(xing)，且(qie)呈(cheng)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)。石英砂就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)滅弧材料。

軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)（Bearing）是當代機(ji)械設備中(zhong)一(yi)種(zhong)重要(yao)(yao)零部件(jian)。它(ta)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)功能(neng)(neng)是支撐機(ji)械旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)體(ti)，降低其(qi)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)過程中(zhong)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)。滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壽命以(yi)轉(zhuan)數(shu)(shu)（或(huo)以(yi)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)轉(zhuan)速下(xia)的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)小(xiao)時(shi)數(shu)(shu)）定(ding)(ding)(ding)義：在此(ci)壽命以(yi)內的(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，應(ying)在其(qi)任何(he)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)圈或(huo)滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)體(ti)上發生(sheng)初步疲勞(lao)損(sun)(sun)壞(huai)（剝(bo)落或(huo)缺(que)損(sun)(sun)）。然而(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)論在實驗室(shi)試驗或(huo)在實際使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)，都可(ke)(ke)明顯的(de)看到，在同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)樣的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)的(de)外(wai)觀相同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，實際壽命大不相同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。此(ci)外(wai)還(huan)有(you)數(shu)(shu)種(zhong)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)定(ding)(ding)(ding)義的(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“壽命”，其(qi)中(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)即所謂的(de)“工作(zuo)(zuo)壽命”，它(ta)表(biao)示某一(yi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在損(sun)(sun)壞(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前可(ke)(ke)達到的(de)實際壽命是由磨損(sun)(sun)、損(sun)(sun)壞(huai)通常并非由疲勞(lao)所致，而(er)(er)是由磨損(sun)(sun)、腐(fu)蝕、密(mi)封(feng)損(sun)(sun)壞(huai)等原因造成(cheng)(cheng)。深溝球軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是具(ju)代表(biao)性(xing)的(de)滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。與(yu)尺(chi)寸相同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)其(qi)它(ta)類(lei)型(xing)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)相比，該類(lei)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)小(xiao)，極限轉(zhuan)速高，結構(gou)簡單，制(zhi)造成(cheng)(cheng)本低，精(jing)度(du)(du)(du)高，無(wu)(wu)需(xu)經(jing)常維護，而(er)(er)且尺(chi)寸范圍大、形式多，是應(ying)用(yong)*的(de)一(yi)類(lei)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。它(ta)主要(yao)(yao)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)徑(jing)向載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)，也可(ke)(ke)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)。當其(qi)僅承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)徑(jing)向載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)時(shi)，接(jie)觸角(jiao)為(wei)零。金屬直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是一(yi)種(zhong)以(yi)低成(cheng)(cheng)本生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)統，用(yong)于無(wu)(wu)限行程與(yu)圓柱(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)配合(he)使(shi)用(yong)。由于承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)載(zai)球與(yu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)呈點接(jie)觸，故(gu)(gu)使(shi)用(yong)載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)小(xiao)。鋼球以(yi)極小(xiao)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)阻力(li)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)，從而(er)(er)能(neng)(neng)獲得高精(jing)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)平穩運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。塑料直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是一(yi)種(zhong)自潤滑(hua)特性(xing)的(de)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)統，其(qi)于金屬直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)最大的(de)區別就是金屬直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)，軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)圓柱(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間是點接(jie)觸，所以(yi)這種(zhong)適合(he)低載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)高速運(yun)動(dong)(dong)；而(er)(er)塑料直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)，軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)圓柱(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間是面(mian)接(jie)觸，所以(yi)這種(zhong)適合(he)高載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)低速運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。調(diao)心(xin)滾(gun)子軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)兩列對稱型(xing)球面(mian)滾(gun)子，主要(yao)(yao)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)徑(jing)向載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)也能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)任一(yi)方向的(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)，但不能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)純軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)。該類(lei)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)圈滾(gun)道是球面(mian)形，故(gu)(gu)其(qi)調(diao)心(xin)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)良好(hao)，能(neng)(neng)補償(chang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)度(du)(du)(du)誤差，當軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)受(shou)力(li)彎曲或(huo)安裝不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)心(xin)時(shi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)仍可(ke)(ke)正常使(shi)用(yong)，調(diao)心(xin)性(xing)隨軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)尺(chi)寸系(xi)列不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)而(er)(er)異，一(yi)般所允(yun)(yun)許的(de)調(diao)心(xin)角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)1~2.5度(du)(du)(du) ，該類(lei)型(xing)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)負荷(he)(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)力(li)較(jiao)大，除能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)徑(jing)向負荷(he)(he)(he)外(wai)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)還(huan)能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)雙(shuang)向作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)的(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向負荷(he)(he)(he)，具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)抗沖擊(ji)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，一(yi)般來(lai)說調(diao)心(xin)滾(gun)子軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)所允(yun)(yun)許的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)轉(zhuan)速較(jiao)低。適用(yong)于重載(zai)或(huo)振動(dong)(dong)載(zai)荷(he)(he)(he)下(xia)工作(zuo)(zuo)。

蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)氣動系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)儲蓄(xu)(xu)裝置。它在適(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)機(ji)將(jiang)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)變為(wei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)或位(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)儲存起來(lai)(lai)(lai)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)系(xi)統(tong)需(xu)要時(shi)，又將(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)或位(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)變為(wei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)或氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)而釋放(fang)出來(lai)(lai)(lai)，重新補供給系(xi)統(tong)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)系(xi)統(tong)瞬(shun)間壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)增大(da)(da)時(shi)，它可(ke)以(yi)(yi)吸(xi)收(shou)這部(bu)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，以(yi)(yi)保證整個系(xi)統(tong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)正常(chang)(chang)。液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)是不可(ke)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)，因此(ci)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)是無(wu)法蓄(xu)(xu)積(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，必須依靠(kao)其他介質來(lai)(lai)(lai)轉(zhuan)換(huan)、蓄(xu)(xu)積(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。例(li)如(ru)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)氣體(ti)（氮氣）的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)性質研(yan)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)皮囊(nang)式(shi)充(chong)氣蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就是一種(zhong)(zhong)蓄(xu)(xu)積(ji)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝置。皮囊(nang)式(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)由油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)和帶有氣密封件的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣體(ti)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)組成，位(wei)于(yu)皮囊(nang)周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)回路(lu)(lu)(lu)接通。當(dang)(dang)(dang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)升高時(shi)油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進入蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，氣體(ti)被(bei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)，直到系(xi)統(tong)管路(lu)(lu)(lu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)不再上升；當(dang)(dang)(dang)管路(lu)(lu)(lu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下降(jiang)時(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空氣膨脹，將(jiang)油(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)入回路(lu)(lu)(lu)，從而減緩管路(lu)(lu)(lu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下降(jiang)。蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有兩種(zhong)(zhong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)途。①當(dang)(dang)(dang)低速運動時(shi)載(zai)荷(he)需(xu)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小(xiao)于(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)多余的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)儲入蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)載(zai)荷(he)要求流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)從蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)放(fang)出來(lai)(lai)(lai)，以(yi)(yi)補液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)之不足。②當(dang)(dang)(dang)停機(ji)但(dan)仍需(xu)維持一定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)時(shi)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)停止液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)而由蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)補償系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)泄(xie)漏，以(yi)(yi)保持系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)。蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)吸(xi)收(shou)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)脈動或吸(xi)收(shou)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)沖擊壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)。蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)氣體(ti)、重錘(chui)或彈簧來(lai)(lai)(lai)產生(sheng)，相應地蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)氣體(ti)式(shi)、重錘(chui)式(shi)和彈簧式(shi)。氣體(ti)式(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣體(ti)與(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)直接接觸(chu)者，稱為(wei)接觸(chu)式(shi)，其結構簡單，容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)，但(dan)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)容易混入氣體(ti)，常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)上。氣體(ti)與(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)不接觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)稱為(wei)隔(ge)離(li)式(shi)，常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)皮囊(nang)和隔(ge)膜來(lai)(lai)(lai)隔(ge)離(li)，皮囊(nang)體(ti)積(ji)變化量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)，隔(ge)膜體(ti)積(ji)變化量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小(xiao)，常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)吸(xi)收(shou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)脈動。重錘(chui)式(shi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較大(da)(da)，常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)軋(ya)機(ji)等系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)，供蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

HEIDENHAIN    適配器電纜    805375-12
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    337147-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    533117-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    375137-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵    557679-07
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LIDA 107C ML940 光尺 ID:317 910-S2
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ERN 180 2500 ID:589614-4U
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557677-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    727222-01
HEIDENHAIN    傳感器    ID376836-1H，ROD436204827S12-03
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    ID:529732-18
HEIDENHAIN    備件    290028-6N
HEIDENHAIN    備件    640184-14
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    557654-04
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    Id.Nr.310128-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    533910-42
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    298401-02
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID：329350-02
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    348427-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    618830-22
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    689697-08
HEIDENHAIN    旋轉編碼器    376 834-20
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    589614-54
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID 1065932-11 ECN 413 2048 01-58
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC 183; ML1240; +/- 0.003mm  557680-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    557679-14
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385480-0A
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    572249-10
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    ID:231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    測頭    270922-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵    557644-16
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺配件    344228-03 1Vss/TTL 568624 84 11
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    312214-16
 
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS703 ML470mm Id.Nr.336976-07
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557649-14
HEIDENHAIN    磁柵傳感器    393000-71
HEIDENHAIN    光柵    ID:557649-06
HEIDENHAIN    光柵線位測量系統    557649-07
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS 487C; ML2040    572249-26
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID 662 636-02
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID358699-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    336 960-20
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    ID 594878-01
HEIDENHAIN    細分盒    ID:536397-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    291697-27
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:515385-01
HEIDENHAIN    接頭    291698-01（9芯）
HEIDENHAIN    檢測儀    325413-01
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    MT25P  ID：232715-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557677-07
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    589614-54
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393000-02
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQN1325  ID:586653-12
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    310128-01
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    AE LS186 326 797-03(658492-02 )
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS704 ML170 Id.Nr.336978-C2
HEIDENHAIN    PROFINET網關    DP EnDat21 R10 ID 688014-01 SN46643669
HEIDENHAIN    備件    589614-0M
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    753298-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    385424-22
HEIDENHAIN    ROTARY TRANSDUCER    ROQ 425 / 752521-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    376886-07
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    521291-04
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    ID:533631-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS181  ML1340mm 332358-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    827039-06
HEIDENHAIN    測量輪    390925-04
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺尺身和讀數頭    LS187C(1240mm) Nr.526974-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    Nr. 533631-02
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385502-09
HEIDENHAIN    密封條    266051-05
HEIDENHAIN    備件    344980-14
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    383963-03
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    ID 810416-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    MT2571 ID:331667-01
HEIDENHAIN    連接電纜    309777-02
HEIDENHAIN    測量臂光柵尺    231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    536398-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:586645-12
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    689680-17
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ERN1387.020-2048 Id.Nr.385487-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393000-07
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    599502-05
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:557677-04
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    ID：369129-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQN1325.049-2048  ID：655251-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID：243602-08
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    DSLHEI748880-13
HEIDENHAIN    備件    344451-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    606689-16
HEIDENHAIN    ENCODER    ERN1387.020-2048 ID:385487-03
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    ID:311 130-01
HEIDENHAIN    伺服電機    LC183/5nm.SN:49964675W.ML:1040mm.ID:557-680-10
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    ID:231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385480-48
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC481/ID:353703-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    393000-61
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:631713-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    312215-02
HEIDENHAIN    適配器電纜    310123-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS186C ML 840mm  ID.NR.336963-19
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQ425 512 27S17-EO 1132407-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    805375-15
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385489-08
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    AELS406C ID:310107-02
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:810800-50
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID 528100-50
HEIDENHAIN    轉接頭    617765-N5
HEIDENHAIN    備件    643450-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    DSLHEI746721-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:735117-61
HEIDENHAIN    備件    RON 285 9000 ID:358699-28
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS703 ML270mm Id.Nr.336976-03
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    594875-01
HEIDENHAIN    電器件    Type: 636872-06   LIDA47
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    243603-16
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    243602-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    530674-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS187C 、ML1140mm 、ID:526974-11 、SN:36050562D
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    810415-01
HEIDENHAIN    爐卷萬能磨床/3/損壞無備件    ID331-918-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    689696-07
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557650-04
HEIDENHAIN    長度(du)計    ST1288，ID383978-01

HEIDENHAIN 編碼器530674-01翊霈優質報價

HEIDENHAIN 編碼器530674-01翊霈優質報價