編碼器（encoder）是將信號（如比特流）或數據進行編制、轉換為可用以通訊、傳輸和存儲的信號形式的設備。編碼器把角位移或直線位移轉換成電信號，前者稱為碼盤，后者稱為碼尺。按照讀出方式編碼器可以分為接觸式和非接觸式兩種；
由一個中心有軸的光電碼盤，其上有環形通、暗的刻線，有光電發射和接收器件讀取，獲得四組正弦波信號組合成A、B、C、D,每個正弦波相差90度相位差（相對于一個周波為360度），將C、D信號反向，疊加在A、B兩相上，可增強穩定信號；另每轉輸出一個Z相脈沖以代表零位參考位。
由于A、B兩相(xiang)相(xiang)差90度(du)(du)(du)，可通過比較(jiao)A相(xiang)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)還是B相(xiang)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)，以判別編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)的(de)正轉與反轉，通過零位脈沖，可獲(huo)得編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)的(de)零位參考位。編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)碼(ma)(ma)盤的(de)材料(liao)有玻(bo)璃(li)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬、塑料(liao)，玻(bo)璃(li)碼(ma)(ma)盤是在(zai)(zai)玻(bo)璃(li)上(shang)沉(chen)積很薄的(de)刻線，其(qi)熱(re)(re)穩(wen)定(ding)性好，精度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)，金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬碼(ma)(ma)盤直(zhi)接以通和不(bu)通刻線，不(bu)易碎(sui)，但由于金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬有一定(ding)的(de)厚度(du)(du)(du)，精度(du)(du)(du)就有限制，其(qi)熱(re)(re)穩(wen)定(ding)性就要比玻(bo)璃(li)的(de)差一個數量級，塑料(liao)碼(ma)(ma)盤是經(jing)濟(ji)型(xing)的(de)，其(qi)成(cheng)本低，但精度(du)(du)(du)、熱(re)(re)穩(wen)定(ding)性、壽命均要差一些。

流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)英文名稱是(shi)(shi)flowmeter，全(quan)國科(ke)學技(ji)術名詞審(shen)定委(wei)員會(hui)把它定義為：指示被(bei)測(ce)(ce)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)（或）在(zai)選定的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)隔內流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)儀表。簡單來說(shuo)就是(shi)(shi)用于(yu)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管道(dao)或明渠中(zhong)(zhong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種儀表。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)又分為有(you)(you)差壓式流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、轉子(zi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、節(jie)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)式流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、細縫流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、容(rong)(rong)積流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、超聲波(bo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)。按介質分類：液體(ti)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)氣(qi)體(ti)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)。工(gong)程上常(chang)用單位(wei)m3/h，它可分為瞬(shun)時(shi)(shi)(shi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)（Flow Rate）和(he)(he)(he)(he)累計(ji)(ji)(ji)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)（Total Flow），瞬(shun)時(shi)(shi)(shi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)即(ji)單位(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)內過(guo)(guo)封閉(bi)管道(dao)或明渠有(you)(you)效截面的(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物質可以是(shi)(shi)氣(qi)體(ti)、液體(ti)、固體(ti)；累計(ji)(ji)(ji)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)即(ji)為在(zai)某一段時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)隔內（一天、一周、一月、一年）流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)過(guo)(guo)封閉(bi)管道(dao)或明渠有(you)(you)效截面的(de)(de)(de)(de)累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。通過(guo)(guo)瞬(shun)時(shi)(shi)(shi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)對(dui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)積分亦可求得累計(ji)(ji)(ji)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，所以瞬(shun)時(shi)(shi)(shi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)累計(ji)(ji)(ji)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)之間(jian)(jian)也可以相(xiang)互轉化。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)廣(guang)泛應(ying)用于(yu)工(gong)農業(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、國防(fang)建(jian)設、科(ke)學研究對(dui)外貿(mao)(mao)易以及人民生活各個領域之中(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)石(shi)油(you)工(gong)業(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)，從石(shi)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開采、運(yun)輸、煉冶加工(gong)直至貿(mao)(mao)易銷售，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)貫穿(chuan)于(yu)全(quan)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)，任何一個環(huan)節(jie)都離(li)不(bu)開流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，否則將無法(fa)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)石(shi)油(you)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)貿(mao)(mao)易交往。在(zai)化工(gong)行(xing)業(ye)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)準確(que)會(hui)造成化學成分分配比失(shi)調，無法(fa)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)還會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)安(an)全(quan)事(shi)故。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)力工(gong)業(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)，對(dui)液體(ti)、氣(qi)體(ti)、蒸汽(qi)等(deng)(deng)介質流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)調節(jie)占(zhan)有(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)地(di)位(wei)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)準確(que)與否不(bu)僅(jin)對(dui)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)廠(chang)在(zai)參(can)數(shu)(shu)下運(yun)行(xing)具有(you)(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟意義，而且隨著高溫高壓大容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機組的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)已(yi)成為保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)廠(chang)安(an)全(quan)運(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)環(huan)節(jie)。如大容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)鍋(guo)爐瞬(shun)時(shi)(shi)(shi)給水流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)中(zhong)(zhong)斷或減(jian)少，都可能造成嚴重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)干鍋(guo)或爆管事(shi)故。這(zhe)就要(yao)(yao)(yao)求流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)裝置不(bu)但(dan)應(ying)做到準確(que)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，而且要(yao)(yao)(yao)及時(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)發(fa)(fa)(fa)出報警信號。在(zai)鋼(gang)鐵工(gong)業(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)，煉鋼(gang)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)循(xun)環(huan)水和(he)(he)(he)(he)氧氣(qi)(或空(kong)氣(qi))的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)參(can)數(shu)(shu)之一。在(zai)輕工(gong)業(ye)、食品、紡織等(deng)(deng)行(xing)業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)，也都離(li)不(bu)開流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。

制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)（refrigerating machine） 將(jiang)具有(you)較低(di)溫(wen)(wen)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被(bei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻物體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱量(liang)(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移給環境介質從而(er)獲得冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)。從較低(di)溫(wen)(wen)度物體(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱量(liang)(liang)(liang)習慣上稱為(wei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)內參(can)與熱力過程(cheng)變化（能量(liang)(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換和熱量(liang)(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工質稱為(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度范(fan)圍(wei)通(tong)常在120K以上，120K以下(xia)屬深低(di)溫(wen)(wen)技(ji)術(shu)范(fan)圍(wei)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)廣(guang)泛應用于(yu)工農業生產(chan)和日常生活中。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)應該與庫(ku)(ku)房的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱負(fu)(fu)荷相匹配。這點可(ke)以通(tong)過合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配機(ji)(ji)(ji)和利(li)用能量(liang)(liang)(liang)調節(jie)(jie)裝(zhuang)置等方法達到。當然，最(zui)主要(yao)是要(yao)有(you)比(bi)較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)庫(ku)(ku)安裝(zhuang)節(jie)(jie)能措施。如(ru)果庫(ku)(ku)房的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱負(fu)(fu)荷不(bu)變，而(er)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)時，就會使系(xi)統蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)溫(wen)(wen)度降低(di)，或使壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)倒霉(mei)，這是很(hen)不(bu)好調整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)裝(zhuang)置穩定性也差。反之，如(ru)果制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)減小時，由于(yu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)未能及(ji)時吸(xi)(xi)回蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)內形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)，又會使蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度升高、庫(ku)(ku)房降溫(wen)(wen)困難。壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)。依(yi)(yi)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用提高制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力以實現制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)循環，按(an)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)種(zhong)類又可(ke)分為(wei)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)（以液(ye)壓(ya)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)為(wei)基礎(chu)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)要(yao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生周期性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)-液(ye)相變）和氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)（以高壓(ya)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)膨脹制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)為(wei)基礎(chu)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)始終處(chu)于(yu)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)狀態）兩種(zhong)，現代制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)以蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)應用*。②吸(xi)(xi)收式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)。依(yi)(yi)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)吸(xi)(xi)收器(qi)(qi)-發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生器(qi)(qi)組(zu)（熱化學壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)器(qi)(qi)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用完成制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)循環，又可(ke)分為(wei)氨(an)水吸(xi)(xi)收式(shi)、溴(xiu)化鋰吸(xi)(xi)收式(shi)和吸(xi)(xi)收擴散(san)式(shi)3種(zhong)。③蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)噴射(she)式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)。依(yi)(yi)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)噴射(she)器(qi)(qi)（噴射(she)式(shi)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)器(qi)(qi)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用完成制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)循環。④半導(dao)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器(qi)(qi)。利(li)用半導(dao)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱-電效應制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)取冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。利(li)用吸(xi)(xi)收劑(ji)(ji)對(dui)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)附作用使制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)而(er)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)。常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)氨(an)——水吸(xi)(xi)收式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)和溴(xiu)化鋰——水吸(xi)(xi)收式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，用熱源作為(wei)動力，消耗電力少(shao)，運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)平穩，易損件(jian)少(shao)，能量(liang)(liang)(liang)調節(jie)(jie)范(fan)圍(wei)大(da)，是一種(zhong)新發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展起(qi)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)品種(zhong)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)是根據(ju)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導體(ti)在(zai)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場中受磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)而(er)制成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)內部有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)體(ti)，在(zai)極間產生(sheng)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場，在(zai)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場中有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)，線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)各(ge)(ge)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)游絲彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)，彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)各(ge)(ge)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)接(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)柱，在(zai)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)與線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)間由一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)，在(zai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸相對于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前端(duan)(duan)，有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)指針。當有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)過時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)沿彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸通(tong)過磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)切磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)感(gan)線(xian)，所以(yi)(yi)受磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，使線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)發生(sheng)偏(pian)(pian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，帶動(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸、指針偏(pian)(pian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)小(xiao)隨(sui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大(da)(da)而(er)增(zeng)大(da)(da)，所以(yi)(yi)就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)通(tong)過指針的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)(pian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)程(cheng)度來觀察電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)小(xiao)。一(yi)(yi)般可(ke)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)微安(an)或(huo)(huo)毫安(an)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)級的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，為測(ce)(ce)(ce)更大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)應有(you)(you)并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（又稱分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)）。主要采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)要使滿(man)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)過時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)滿(man)偏(pian)(pian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，即(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)指示達(da)到最大(da)(da)。對于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)幾安(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，可(ke)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)內設(she)置分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。對于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)幾安(an)以(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，則采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)外附分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)很(hen)小(xiao)，為避(bi)免引(yin)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻和接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻附加于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)而(er)引(yin)起誤差(cha)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)要制成四(si)端(duan)(duan)形式(shi)，即(ji)有(you)(you)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)端(duan)(duan)，兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓端(duan)(duan)。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)主要采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系或(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)系測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(見機(ji)械式(shi)指示電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou))，這些測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)基本量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)來直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)測(ce)(ce)(ce)小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)。對于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)要使用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)是并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是將大(da)(da)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)被測(ce)(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)。對約10A以(yi)(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)多采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)內附分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi);對更大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)值(zhi)，則使用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。它(ta)采(cai)(cai)取四(si)端(duan)(duan)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)(圖a)，具有(you)(you)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)端(duan)(duan)，兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位端(duan)(duan)。交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)系或(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)系測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)。為使磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)也(ye)能用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，可(ke)利用(yong)(yong)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)或(huo)(huo)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶等器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)件先將交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換為直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu);由它(ta)們組合(he)而(er)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別稱為整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)(見整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao))、熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)。為擴大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)以(yi)(yi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)也(ye)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi);電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)系電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)做(zuo)法同前;電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)系電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)則是加粗線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)導線(xian)、減少匝(za)數(shu)(shu)。對于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)更大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)值(zhi)需配合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)互感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)使用(yong)(yong)。通(tong)常可(ke)利用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓表(biao)(biao)構(gou)(gou)(gou)成交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表(biao)(biao)。

HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    557654-04
HEIDENHAIN    備件    534855-12
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393 692-75
HEIDENHAIN    轉換器    1BV102  ID:536422-20
HEIDENHAIN    備件    MT12W Id.Nr:231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    390925-18
HEIDENHAIN    連接線    658110-01
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    ID:359341-02
HEIDENHAIN    備件    352611-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:727222-56
HEIDENHAIN    位移傳感器    ID：680983-01  AT1218
HEIDENHAIN    電子尺接頭電纜    533631-05
HEIDENHAIN    光柵    ID:557649-06
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    353403-P1
HEIDENHAIN    備件    667786-02
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    ID:533631-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    EQN4255120FK06-1*R0.00...50A  549892-01
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    810416-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:533110-01
HEIDENHAIN    密封條    266051-05
HEIDENHAIN    磨床探頭    MT12   ID:243602-06
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:631713-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    291698-06
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    667785-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    249870-08
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:557650-18
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393000-07
HEIDENHAIN    LINEAR ENCODER光柵尺    557677-10
HEIDENHAIN    探測傳感器    511395-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    344980-14
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:689697-07
HEIDENHAIN    備件    No:533 110-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ERN1387.035-2048 ID：749147-02
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:689697-03 LC185 340
HEIDENHAIN    探測傳感器    511395-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393000-07
HEIDENHAIN    高度計    ST1278 ID：383963-03
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    337147-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC 183; ML1240; +/- 0.003mm  557680-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    1065932-12
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    393 000-02
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺電纜    533631-06   6m
HEIDENHAIN    長度測量系統    329991-14
HEIDENHAIN    接頭    291697-04（9芯）
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    310727-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    735117-02
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    ID 810415-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ROD486-5000 03S12-03 377240-12
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    631713-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    572249-13
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    689697-11
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    390925-04
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:606 689-16
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    689681-15
HEIDENHAIN    位移傳感器    232715-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵測量頭    MT12W IdNr.231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:557650-06
HEIDENHAIN    備件    534855-12
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    375137-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    636872-04
HEIDENHAIN    光柵讀數頭    LC183ML3040  557679-63
HEIDENHAIN    玻璃比例尺    526974-08
HEIDENHAIN    傳感器    393000-15
HEIDENHAIN    備件    557676-10
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    527392-23
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    572249-10
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    735117-02
HEIDENHAIN    短光柵    MT12ID243602-06
HEIDENHAIN    備件    376834-4K
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    586645-04
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    329993-22
HEIDENHAIN    備件    360645-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LC483 420  ID:557649-08
HEIDENHAIN    伺服電機    LC185/5nm.ML 940mm.ID:689696-09.SN:51569793
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    ST3078 375134-02
HEIDENHAIN    位置傳感器（磁尺）    LS186-240 336960-13
HEIDENHAIN    備件    MT 12W  ID:231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    295434-1F
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:317 909-36
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    310123-03
HEIDENHAIN    接頭    291697-04（9芯）
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    383963-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557677-08
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    636872-04
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    376880-65
HEIDENHAIN    備件    557647-16
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:341240-10
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    529718-04
HEIDENHAIN    傳感器    383979-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS186C ML 840mm  ID.NR.336963-19
HEIDENHAIN    密封條    266051-05
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID589611-OL
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID 1065932-11 ECN 413 2048 01-58
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺EXE盒    Id.:536397-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵傳感器    MT12W  ID:231  011-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQN1325.049-2048  升級ID：655251-52
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    631713-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    RCN727F ID：529718-05
HEIDENHAIN    備件    360645-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ROQ425 521 03S17-58  ID 586634-12
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS703 ML270mm Id.Nr.336976-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    L=1400 315423-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    336958-56
HEIDENHAIN    磁鼓    390925-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID.376 886-A5
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺電纜    360645-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    393000-61
HEIDENHAIN    備件    549889-01 21581090
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    331589-04
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID：243602-06
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    622540-01
        
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    RCN729 529717-02
HEIDENHAIN    伺服電機    LC183/5nm.SN:49964675W.ML:1040mm.ID:557-680-10
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385430-06
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    RCN8380 667596-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器電纜    360645-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    572249-13
HEIDENHAIN    電子尺    383978-XX
HEIDENHAIN    備件    375133-02
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    727221-02
HEIDENHAIN    備件    517352-17
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    349522-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    315420-04
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    528100-01
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    Id:309777-07 L7
HEIDENHAIN    旋轉編碼器    735117-52
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS186ML1440ID.NR.336960-50
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID-Nr:393000-07
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:369 104-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵測量頭    MT12W，12MM IDN 231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    329993-22
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    L=1000 315423-01
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    551027-09
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ERN431 ID385438-31
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    727221-02
HEIDENHAIN    線纜    369428-06
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    349522-34
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ERN1387.020-2048 Id.Nr.385487-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385438-30
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LC183/10nm ML1740mm 557679-17
HEIDENHAIN    LINEAR SCALE    LC 195S 1640 5.0    760912-46
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID：372849-05
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    551126-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    586654-16
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQN1325 2048 62S12-78 1D 586653-12
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    383600-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    366713-02
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393000-07
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    RCN5380 ID:667831-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:536421-20
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557650-09
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    DSLHEI689691-06
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    337148-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    RCN8380 667596-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    RON886C-36000 ID355886-04
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    533631-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:385487-03
HEIDENHAIN    Linear glass scale cable    533631-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:760916-04
HEIDENHAIN    備件    557647-20
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557679-08
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557677-10
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:557 644-07
HEIDENHAIN    粗濾芯    ID：337147-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:529 370-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    312214-16
HEIDENHAIN    備件    375133-02
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    760933-21
HEIDENHAIN    備件    341240-47
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557679-10
HEIDENHAIN    位移傳感器    232715-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:760916-04
HEIDENHAIN    備件    557642-14
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ROQ42551227S17-E0   631702-74
HEIDENHAIN    備件    533117-20
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    310123-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ERN.1381.062-2048M11  ID:727222-07
HEIDENHAIN    信號轉換線    617765-N2
HEIDENHAIN    備件    658725-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC483/10NM-ML920MM(帶讀數頭AELC4×3）ID557649-17
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺(chi)    LC483 ID:557653-22

HEIDENHAIN編碼器393000-07翊霈優質供應

HEIDENHAIN編碼器393000-07翊霈優質供應