HYDAC傳感器HDA4444-A-600-Y-ZBE03翊霈優供

HYDAC傳感器HDA4444-A-600-Y-ZBE03翊霈優供

用(yong)于磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)開磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路(lu)軟(ruan)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)。又稱軟(ruan)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)計(ji)(ji)。其結(jie)構見(jian)(jian)圖1。材料試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)夾在(zai)兩U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛(e)之(zhi)間，并穿過均勻分布的磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)線圈。磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛(e)由硅(gui)鋼片疊制而成(cheng)。用(yong)中場磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)計(ji)(ji)代替愛潑斯坦儀測量(liang)(liang)(liang)硅(gui)鋼片等(deng)的磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)特性(xing)和鐵損，無需(xu)剪(jian)裁，可節省大量(liang)(liang)(liang)試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)材料，并能方(fang)便(bian)地裝入和取出試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)。較簡單的中場磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)計(ji)(ji)只使用(yong)一(yi)個(ge)U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛(e)，試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)可采用(yong)更小尺寸的切(qie)片（見(jian)(jian)硅(gui)鋼片磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)特性(xing)測量(liang)(liang)(liang)）。
由于(yu)(yu)(yu)鐵磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用,導致(zhi)螺(luo)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻性(xing)遭到破壞(huai),磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場測(ce)量(liang)(liang)線(xian)(xian)圈常(chang)(chang)數由此產(chan)生變化,使(shi)(shi)(shi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)能(neng)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果嚴(yan)重(zhong)失(shi)真.所以(yi),用中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)(ji)來測(ce)量(liang)(liang)軟磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料棒形試(shi)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各項(xiang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)能(neng)是不適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de).當(dang)把一(yi)個鐵磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)封(feng)閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)盒子放人(ren)均勻磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，則盒壁(bi)與其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空間構(gou)(gou)成了(le)并聯磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)鐵磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相對磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導率(lv)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)空氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)相對磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導率(lv)，因(yin)此，空腔(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻(zu)(zu)就遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)盒壁(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻(zu)(zu)，所以(yi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)幾乎全部從盒壁(bi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)通過，而空腔(qiang)內(nei)(nei)(nei)僅有(you)極(ji)(ji)少(shao)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)通過, 因(yin)此，空腔(qiang)內(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場很弱。同樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因(yin)，當(dang)螺(luo)管(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)鐵磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)試(shi)樣(yang)時(shi)，螺(luo)管(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻性(xing)已(yi)遭到破壞(huai)，絕大部分(fen)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)也應(ying)通過鐵磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)試(shi)樣(yang)，在(zai)(zai)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)開路情(qing)況下只有(you)少(shao)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)通過磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場測(ce)量(liang)(liang)線(xian)(xian)圈的(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙，因(yin)此，測(ce)得磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場強度(du)就很小(xiao)；在(zai)(zai)閉合磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路情(qing)況下由于(yu)(yu)(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)(ji)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)扼體和鐵磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)試(shi)樣(yang)共同作(zuo)用，使(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)通過磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場測(ce)量(liang)(liang)線(xian)(xian)圈的(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙，因(yin)此，測(ce)得磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場強度(du)就較(jiao)大 [1] 。強場磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)(ji)于(yu)(yu)(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料（即(ji)硬磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料）試(shi)樣(yang)。又稱永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)(ji)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料在(zai)(zai)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)與磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化時(shi)要(yao)求有(you)很強而集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場，且永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料試(shi)樣(yang)多是開路形式，故專門制造了(le)這(zhe)種(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)(ji)。強場磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)(ji)由磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)(ji)、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化線(xian)(xian)圈等構(gou)(gou)成（圖2），試(shi)樣(yang)夾在(zai)(zai)可動(dong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)(ji)與固定(ding)(ding)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)(ji)之(zhi)間。為使(shi)(shi)(shi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)試(shi)樣(yang)上，須(xu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛消耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化安(an)匝盡量(liang)(liang)少(shao)，因(yin)此磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛通常(chang)(chang)采用磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導率(lv)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料，并且截面(mian)較(jiao)大，制作(zuo)時(shi)要(yao)求有(you)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)工藝水平(ping)。磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化線(xian)(xian)圈由直流電(dian)源(yuan)供電(dian)，其(qi)容量(liang)(liang)可滿足(zu)產(chan)生足(zu)夠大的(de)(de)(de)(de)飽和磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場強度(du)Hm的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)。Hm一(yi)般取被測(ce)材料內(nei)(nei)(nei)稟(bing)矯頑力(li)(li)Hcj的(de)(de)(de)(de)3～5倍，電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)(ding)度(du)應(ying)保證在(zai)(zai)1分(fen)鐘內(nei)(nei)(nei)變化不超過0.1%。
計(ji)為(wei)快速檢(jian)驗和分選永磁(ci)(ci)材料，常(chang)采用對(dui)稱雙軛磁(ci)(ci)導計(ji)結構。它的(de)兩個U狀磁(ci)(ci)軛*對(dui)稱，4個磁(ci)(ci)化線圈*相同，并(bing)串聯(lian)在(zai)一起。未放入試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)時，左右兩氣隙(xi)(xi)內的(de)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)相等，中(zhong)(zhong)間氣隙(xi)(xi)內的(de)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)為(wei)零。在(zai)一邊(bian)氣隙(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)放入試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)后(hou)，磁(ci)(ci)路平(ping)衡(heng)被破壞，中(zhong)(zhong)間氣隙(xi)(xi)內存在(zai)有正比于(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)磁(ci)(ci)化強度(du)的(de)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)。作(zuo)用于(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)的(de)磁(ci)(ci)場強度(du)，可在(zai)另一邊(bian)氣隙(xi)(xi)內測(ce)得。如在(zai)一邊(bian)氣隙(xi)(xi)內放入標(biao)準(zhun)試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)，則(ze)可對(dui)放在(zai)另一邊(bian)氣隙(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)進行分選
數(shu)(shu)字電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)表是(shi)一種智能型、性能穩(wen)定、高(gao)(gao)可(ke)靠性、3 5/6數(shu)(shu)字多(duo)用(yong)(yong)表，儀表采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)33mm字高(gao)(gao)LCD顯示(shi)(shi)器(qi)，讀(du)數(shu)(shu)清晰，顯示(shi)(shi)直觀，操作方(fang)便(bian)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)來測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)、二極(ji)管及通(tong)斷測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)；同(tong)(tong)時還設有單位符號顯示(shi)(shi)、數(shu)(shu)據保(bao)持、大(da)小(xiao)値測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，自動/手動量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)轉(zhuan)換、自動斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)、自動識別(bie)及報警功能。整機(ji)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)了一個(ge)能直接(jie)驅動LCD微處理器(qi)和(he)雙(shuang)積分A/D轉(zhuan)換集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，一個(ge)提供(gong)高(gao)(gao)分辨力、高(gao)(gao)精(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)字顯示(shi)(shi)驅動，該表功能齊全，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)準(zhun)確度(du)高(gao)(gao)，使用(yong)(yong)方(fang)便(bian)，是(shi)實(shi)驗(yan)室、工廠、無線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)愛好者及家庭的(de)(de)理想(xiang)工具。確認電(dian)(dian)(dian)池和(he)保(bao)險絲已(yi)正確安裝；要測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)在測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)前已(yi)充(chong)分放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；要測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)，其極(ji)性要與測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)子的(de)(de)極(ji)性一致；請(qing)一定注意，不(bu)要在測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)子加載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，否(fou)則(ze)(ze)將(jiang)導致嚴重的(de)(de)損(sun)害；不(bu)要嘗(chang)試(shi)(shi)短(duan)接(jie)兩個(ge)輸入端(duan)子，否(fou)則(ze)(ze)將(jiang)極(ji)大(da)的(de)(de)浪費電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，并(bing)(bing)以過(guo)載(zai)顯示(shi)(shi)；如果被測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)是(shi)未知的(de)(de)，請(qing)從小(xiao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)開始(shi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，并(bing)(bing)逐步加大(da)直到(dao)得(de)到(dao)合適的(de)(de)值。為快速檢驗(yan)和(he)分選(xuan)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)材料，常采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)對稱雙(shuang)軛磁(ci)(ci)導計結(jie)構。它的(de)(de)兩個(ge)U狀磁(ci)(ci)軛*對稱，4個(ge)磁(ci)(ci)化線(xian)(xian)圈*相同(tong)(tong)，并(bing)(bing)串聯在一起。未放(fang)入試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)時，左右兩氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)相等，中(zhong)間氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)為零。在一邊(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)中(zhong)放(fang)入試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)后，磁(ci)(ci)路平衡被破壞(huai)，中(zhong)間氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)存在有正比(bi)于試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)磁(ci)(ci)化強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)。作用(yong)(yong)于試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)，可(ke)在另(ling)一邊(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)得(de)。如在一邊(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)放(fang)入標準(zhun)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)，則(ze)(ze)可(ke)對放(fang)在另(ling)一邊(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)進行分選(xuan)。量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)選(xuan)擇
選擇(ze)(ze)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)是選擇(ze)(ze)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。使(shi)用(yong)時應(ying)(ying)使(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)低于(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，而不(bu)能(neng)僅(jin)從功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)來考慮。例如(ru)，兩只功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)，量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分別是IA、300V和(he)2A、150V，由計(ji)算可知其功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)均為300W，如(ru)果要測量(liang)(liang)一負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為220V、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為IA的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)時應(ying)(ying)逸用(yong)IA、300V的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)，而2A、150V的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)雖功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)大于(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)，但是由于(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓高于(yu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)所能(neng)承(cheng)受的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓150V，故不(bu)能(neng)使(shi)用(yong)。所以，在測量(liang)(liang)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)前(qian)要根據負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流來選擇(ze)(ze)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。
測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動系測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)機(ji)構的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)動力矩方向和(he)(he)兩線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)方向有(you)(you)關，為了防止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動系功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)指針反偏，接(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標有(you)(you)“·”號(hao)的(de)(de)端(duan)(duan)鈕(niu)必須接(jie)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)正，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)則(ze)與(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)相連，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)串聯形式(shi)接(jie)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中。功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標有(you)(you)“·”號(hao)的(de)(de)端(duan)(duan)鈕(niu)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)接(jie)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源端(duan)(duan)鈕(niu)的(de)(de)任(ren)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，而(er)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)端(duan)(duan)鈕(niu)則(ze)跨接(jie)到(dao)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)的(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)，當(dang)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)大于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)前接(jie)法(fa)(fa)。這時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)和(he)(he)，功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)是負(fu)(fu)載(zai)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)之(zhi)和(he)(he)。如(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)大于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，則(ze)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)略去電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)所造成的(de)(de)影(ying)響，測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)比較(jiao)接(jie)近負(fu)(fu)載(zai)的(de)(de)實際功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)值。當(dang)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)小于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)后接(jie)法(fa)(fa) 。這時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)兩端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)雖然(ran)等于負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)卻(que)等于負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)與(yu)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)之(zhi)和(he)(he)，測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)讀數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)為負(fu)(fu)載(zai)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)之(zhi)和(he)(he)。由于此時(shi)(shi)(shi)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)小于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)流(liu)(liu)作用(yong)(yong)大大減小，其對(dui)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)影(ying)響也可以(yi)(yi)(yi)大為減小。如(ru)界(jie)被測(ce)(ce)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)本身(shen)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)較(jiao)大，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)不考(kao)慮功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)本身(shen)的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)對(dui)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)影(ying)響，則(ze)兩種接(jie)法(fa)(fa)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)任(ren)意選(xuan)(xuan)擇。選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)前接(jie)法(fa)(fa)，因為功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)一(yi)(yi)般都(dou)小于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)支路(lu)的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)。正確讀數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)般安裝式(shi)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)為直讀單量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)式(shi)，表(biao)(biao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)示數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)即(ji)為功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。但便(bian)攜式(shi)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)一(yi)(yi)般為多(duo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)式(shi)，在表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)標度(du)尺上(shang)(shang)(shang)不直接(jie)標注示數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，只(zhi)標注分(fen)格(ge)(ge)。在選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)不同的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，每(mei)一(yi)(yi)分(fen)格(ge)(ge)都(dou)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)示不同的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。在讀數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應先根據所選(xuan)(xuan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)U、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)I以(yi)(yi)(yi)及標度(du)尺滿量(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)格(ge)(ge)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)&，求出每(mei)格(ge)(ge)瓦(wa)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)（又稱功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)常數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)）C，然(ran)后再(zai)乘上(shang)(shang)(shang)指針偏轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)格(ge)(ge)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)夕，就(jiu)可得到(dao)所測(ce)(ce)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)P.

HYDAC    備件    6040852ZBE30-05
KUBLER    旋轉編碼器    8.5020.D851.0360;DC24V;100mA
HYDAC    插頭    ZBE02
HYDAC    液壓個    1260884(0160D020BN3HC)
BENDER    絕緣檢測    IRDH275BU-635/B91065111
BENDER    絕緣檢測儀    IRDH265-4
HYDAC    溢流閥    M808 RV8--8-S-0-30
HYDAC    備件    SB330/400-10NBR
HYDAC    濾芯    0110R010BN4HC 濾芯
HYDAC    備件    SAF32M12T330A-S309
HYDAC    儲能器    SB330-10A/112A9-330A
HYDAC    濾芯    0060D010BN4HC
HYDAC    濾芯    2600 R 005 BN4HC/-B6SFREE-03511204
HYDAC    低壓管路過濾器    LPFBN/HC55 EA03D1X/L-24
KUBLER    編碼器    8.F3673.2421.G312
HYDAC    高壓球閥    KHM-50-F6-11141-06X
HYDAC    調速器過濾器濾芯    0330D010 BH4HC/-SFREE
HYDAC    過濾器濾芯    PART NO.:310452
HYDAC    濾芯    0500R010BN/HC S0105
HYDAC    濾芯    0240D010BN4HC/-V
BENDER    Circuit Relay    RCMA 420-D-2  art number: B 9404 3002
BENDER    備件    VME421H-D-1
HYDAC    濾芯    0280D010BN4HC
HYDAC    皮囊蓄能器    SB330H-20A1/112A9-330A
HYDAC    濾芯    1200R003BN4HC
HYDAC    壓力開關    EDS348-5-400-Y00
HYDAC    高壓球閥    KHB G3/8-1212-03X
KUBLER    備件    8.A02H.3A50.1024.C006    5-30VDC 100ma
HYDAC    濾芯    RV-40-01/0
HYDAC    電器件    K406 374929
HYDAC    傳感器插頭    ZBE08
BENDER    絕緣監測儀    IRDH275B-435
HYDAC    液位計    FSK-254-2.X/O/FT200/12/24
BENDER    漏電保護器    W3-S105
HYDAC    濾芯    1.08.39D06ECO/C
HYDAC    球閥    PN250BAR KHB-25SR-1134
HYDAC    SENSOR    HAD7446-A-250-000
KUBLER    電器件    BMG DN25-PN40-VK-M280-B60
HYDAC    換向閥    CXK02-2/2-FC-3/40/016/112PP
HYDAC    傳感器    EDS3346-3-0010-000-F1
HYDAC    壓力表    HAD 5001-250-1-1-200
BENDER    控制器    IRDH375-435
BENDER    絕緣故障評估儀    EDS461-D-2
BENDER    電源    AN450
HYDAC    接頭    ZBM300
HYDAC    球閥    KHNVN-G2-2233-12X球閥
HYDAC    壓力傳感器    EDS3348-5-0016-000-F1
HYDAC    濾芯    0330R010BN/HC/-B6
HYDAC    壓力傳感器    EDS348-5-016-Y00
HYDAC    開關    EDS346-3-250-000
HYDAC    數字壓力顯示儀    EDS 3346-3-0016-000-F1
HYDAC    機電    EDS3448-5-0250-Y00
BENDER    備件    AKS470
HYDAC    傳感器    ENS311P-8-0250-000-K
HYDAC    濾芯    I/CJ-D 0330 D 025W/HC
HYDAC    濾芯    0990 D 010 BN4HC
HYDAC    壓力傳感器    EDS3446-3-0600-000
BENDER    編碼器    RCM470DY B94022025
HYDAC    壓差傳感器    VMF 2，5 LZ.1/-AV
HYDAC    插座    ZBE03  同HYDAC-1030
HYDAC    回油濾油器    RFBN/HC240DE10D1.X/-L24
HYDAC    冷卻器    HEX S615-30-00/G1"
HYDAC    高壓過濾器濾芯    0660D010BN4HC
HYDAC    濾芯    0330R010BN4HC
BENDER    外接報警顯示和測試單元    MK2007CBM-CN
BENDER    控制器    UG140P   B916382
BENDER    備件    IR420-D4-1 B71016409
BENDER    絕緣監示裝置    IRDH275-435
BENDER    絕緣監示裝置    IRDH275-435
HYDAC    壓力開關    EDS3346-2-06.0-000-F1
HYDAC    數字顯示儀    HDA 5500-0-1-DC-000
HYDAC    接頭    ZBM300
HYDAC    過濾器    2600 R 010 BN4HC
HYDAC    熱電阻    TFP100 904696
HYDAC    濾芯    HC9600FKN16H
BENDER    備件    A.No:B913054 AGH675S-7 Serial No:0808160977
HYDAC    壓力油過濾器    DFBN/HC-240-TF5D1.1/L24
HYDAC    溫度繼電器    ETS388-5-100-000+TFP100+ZBE08+ZBM300
HYDAC    壓力傳感器插頭    ZBE06
HYDAC    傳感器    EDS3446-3-0100-000
BENDER    絕緣故障評估儀    EDS460-D-1
BENDER    絕緣檢測互感器    W2-S70
HYDAC    主冷卻水循環泵電機    3330389  CRI5-4
BENDER    繼電器    IR420-D4-2
HYDAC    傳感器    ETS1701-100-000
HYDAC    傳感器    ETS1701-100-000
HYDAC    Accumulator    SB330A-130A1/112A-330A
HYDAC    濾芯    2600R020BN4HC
HYDAC    濾芯    0160R010BN4HC
HYDAC    濾芯    RF BN/HC950D010D1.X/-L24
BENDER    監視器    RCMS460-D1
HYDAC    備件    HDA4445-A-016-000+ZBE01
BENDER    備件    9604-1121
HYDAC    壓力開關    EDS3346-3-0016-000-F1
HYDAC    球閥    KHB-16SR-1212-01X
HYDAC    傳感器    EDS348-5-016-000
HYDAC    壓力傳感器    HDA3840-A-400-124 (6M)
HYDAC    球閥    I/N:KHB-22LR-1212-01X
BENDER    醫用IT隔離電源    AN450
HYDAC    密封圈    Seal kit NBR*SB330/400 2 5-6l
HYDAC    開關    EDS344-3-016-000
HYDAC    插座    ZBE03  同HYDAC-1030
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5020.0050.2048.S124
HYDAC    插頭    ZBE08
HYDAC    過濾器    NFBN/HC1310DP20D1.0/-L24
HYDAC    高壓濾油器    DF BN/HC500QE5D1.X/VL24
HYDAC    傳感器    ETS1701-100-000
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5868.12C2.C112 1509010275
HYDAC    過濾器濾    HC2296FKT18H50
HYDAC    備件    HDA3845-A-400-000
KUBLER    編碼器    8.3610.0060.1000.0018
HYDAC    溫度傳感器    ETS328-5-100-000
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5000.8358.2000
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5820.0500.1024.5035
BENDER    備件    IRDH275BM-727
HYDAC    高壓球閥    KHB-25SR-1212-01X
HYDAC    壓力開關    EDS 346-3-250-000
HYDAC    CODER    EDS348-5-400-000
HYDAC    傳感器    ETS 1701-100-000
HYDAC    開關    HDA4744-A-250-000
KUBLER    計數器    6.923.0100.300
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5850.1242.G102
HYDAC    濾芯    0280R020BN4HC
HYDAC    油管    M52*2；3560mm；G11/2" ST506230/3329406
HYDAC    濾芯    0240D005BN4HC
HYDAC    濾芯    0160D010BN3HC
HYDAC    備件    EDS344-3-250-000 
HYDAC    傳感器插頭    ZBE08
HYDAC    濾芯    0240R010BN4HC
HYDAC    壓差傳感器    VM 2 D.0/-L24 43/09 24V AC/DC
BENDER    電流監測器    RCMA420-D-1
HYDAC    傳感器    ETS1701-100-000
BENDER    附件    107TD47
HYDAC    蓄能器    SN400B-32FA/112A9-400
HYDAC    傳感器    EDS344-2-040-000
HYDAC    差壓監視    VD5LZ.1/-DB
BENDER    電源    AN450
HYDAC    濾芯    0950D010BH3/HC
HYDAC    截止閥    SAF32M12N330A-S309
KUBLER    編碼器    T8-5000.C820.2500
HYDAC    開關    EDS1691-N-B-250-000
KUBLER    編碼器    8500.8354.1000
BENDER    備件    B93010006 VMD420-D-2
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5020.4500.1024.A033
HYDAC    濾芯    V035233
HYDAC    壓力傳感器    EDS345-1-016-Y00  16bar  20-
HYDAC    流量開關    EVS 3104-A-0300-000
BENDER    接地檢測    IR470LY-40
HYDAC    聯軸節    KUPPLUNG28/38-38/24
HYDAC    備件    VD5LZ.1/-B0
HYDAC    合成纖維濾芯    1300R020BN3HC
HYDAC    SENSOR    HDA3840-A-350-Y24
HYDAC    壓力繼電器    EDS3448-3-0250-D00
HYDAC    電器個    ETS1701-100-Y00+TFP104-000+S.S
HYDAC    溫度傳感器    906170
HYDAC    傳感器    EDS344-3-250-000
BENDER    備件    IR420-D6-1
HYDAC    濾芯    1300 R 005 BN4HC濾芯
HYDAC    高壓球閥    HKB-M22X1.5-1112-01X
KUBLER    配套連接器    8.5852.1232.G121
HYDAC    壓力發訊器    EDS300
HYDAC    濾芯    0500D010BH4HC
HYDAC    附個    減壓閥635412
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5020.D851.1024.W06.EX
BENDER    備件    W465-A26
EMG    備件    1250-6OII 220~380V 0.4KW 1.0~0.7A
BENDER    絕緣檢測    IRDH275BM-727/B91065120
KUBLER    編碼器    8.A02H.3182.5000
HYDAC    濾芯    0160R010BN4HC
HYDAC    壓力繼電器    HDA3844-A-400-000+ZBE02
HYDAC    插座    ZBE03  同HYDAC-1030
HYDAC    傳感器    HDA4445-A-250-000
HYDAC    濾芯    01600D010BN4HC
HYDAC    繼電器    EDS3398-5-01.0-V00-E1
BENDER    絕緣監視器    IRDH275-435
HYDAC    壓力傳感器    HDA3840-A-350-124
BENDER    電源    AN450
HYDAC    開關    HDA4744-A-250-000
HYDAC    接頭    ZBM14
HYDAC    備件    HDA-4744-A-400-00
HYDAC    金屬膠管    549238 RF3-C/0/1/2/2.5450LG
HYDAC    SENSOR    ETS7246-A-000
HYDAC    壓力開關    EDS3346-3-0016-000-F1
HYDAC    SENSOR    EDS3446-3-0400-Y00
HYDAC    壓力變送器    EDS-3346-3-0016-000-F1
HYDAC    濾芯    0240D010BH4HC
HYDAC    傳感器    ETS1701-100-000
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5821.1C3E.1024
BENDER    檢測儀    IRDH275B-435
HYDAC    備件    RFNBN/HC100BD10LZ1.0/-DB-VW
HYDAC    濾芯    2600R003BN4HC
HYDAC    繼電器    EDS344-2-016-000
BENDER    絕緣檢測互感器    W2-S70
HYDAC    壓力繼電器    EDS3346-3-0100-000
HYDAC    溫度開關    TFP104-000
HYDAC    開關    EDS 344-3-250-000
HYDAC    備件    0060D020BH4HC(H30/95-2)
HYDAC    傳感器    EDS348-5-016-000
HYDAC    濾芯    0280D005BH4HC  濾芯
HYDAC    油壓表    MS2A2.1/180/2610
BENDER    電流互感器    W35AB
HYDAC    濾芯    2600 R 010 P/HC-B6
HYDAC    濾芯    LH0660D020BN3HC
HYDAC    壓力開關    EDS345-1-250-000
BENDER    備件    IRDH265-422
HYDAC    開關    ENS 3118-5-0520-000-K
HYDAC    球閥    KHNVS-RP3/8-2233-12X  序列號702165
HYDAC    濾芯    0240D005BN4HC
BENDER    備件    IRDH275BM-727
BENDER    備件    RCMA472LY-21
HYDAC    傳感器    HDA4444-A-600-Y-ZBE03
KUBLER    編碼器    8.5863.0000.G200
BENDER    備件    SUA 145 B93015508
HYDAC    壓力開關    EDS3346-2-0010-000-F1
HYDAC    濾芯    0660R05BN4HC/-KB
BENDER    備件    IR125Y-2  B91023013
BENDER    控制器    IRDH375-435
HYDAC    蓄能器    SB330-4A1/112A9-330A
BENDER    備件    IR145Y-421
BENDER    400V欠壓監視    B933702 SUD472
BENDER    電源    AN450
BENDER    絕緣檢測    IRDH275BU-635/B91065111
HYDAC    過濾器    DFP BH/HC 660QD10D1.0/L24
HYDAC    壓力傳感器    ETS 3868-5-000-000
BENDER    絕緣監視器    IRDH275-435
BENDER    檢測儀    IRDH275B-435
HYDAC    電磁閥閥芯    17/07 WS/6Z 01-C-N   3026192.38/06
HYDAC    濾芯    1300 R 005 BN3HC
HYDAC    濾芯    0850R100W/HC
HYDAC    開關    ETS1701-100-000+TFP100+S.S
HYDAC    濾芯    0240 D 010 BN4HC
HYDAC    閥    ERVE-R1/2-10X
BENDER    互感器    W35AB 訂貨號B98080016
HYDAC    壓力開關    VD8D 0/-LED(116psi 8bar G1/2 24VDC)
HYDAC    壓力傳感器    HAD3745-A-100-174
BENDER    備件    B91065104 W

用于磁(ci)(ci)化(hua)開磁(ci)(ci)路(lu)軟磁(ci)(ci)材料試樣。又(you)稱軟磁(ci)(ci)磁(ci)(ci)導計(ji)。其(qi)結(jie)構見圖(tu)1。材料試樣夾在兩(liang)U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)(ci)軛之(zhi)間，并穿過(guo)均勻分布的磁(ci)(ci)化(hua)線圈。磁(ci)(ci)軛由硅(gui)鋼(gang)片疊制而成。用中場磁(ci)(ci)導計(ji)代替愛潑斯(si)坦儀測(ce)量硅(gui)鋼(gang)片等的磁(ci)(ci)特(te)性和鐵損，無需剪裁，可(ke)節省(sheng)大量試樣材料，并能方便地裝(zhuang)入和取(qu)出試樣。較簡單的中場磁(ci)(ci)導計(ji)只使用一個(ge)U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)(ci)軛，試樣可(ke)采用更(geng)小尺寸的切(qie)片（見硅(gui)鋼(gang)片磁(ci)(ci)特(te)性測(ce)量）。
由(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong),導(dao)(dao)致螺線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)內(nei)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻(yun)性(xing)遭(zao)到破(po)壞(huai),磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)常數由(you)(you)(you)(you)此(ci)產生變(bian)化(hua),使磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)能測(ce)(ce)(ce)量結果(guo)嚴(yan)重失真.所以,用(yong)中磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)來測(ce)(ce)(ce)量軟磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料(liao)(liao)棒形試(shi)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)能是不適宜(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).當(dang)把一(yi)個(ge)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)封閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盒(he)子放人均勻(yun)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)中，則盒(he)壁(bi)與(yu)其中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)構(gou)(gou)成了并(bing)聯磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路(lu)(lu)。由(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)對磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率遠遠大于(yu)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)對磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率，因此(ci)，空(kong)(kong)腔(qiang)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻(zu)就(jiu)遠遠大于(yu)盒(he)壁(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻(zu)，所以磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)幾乎全(quan)部從(cong)盒(he)壁(bi)內(nei)通(tong)過(guo)，而空(kong)(kong)腔(qiang)內(nei)僅有(you)(you)極(ji)少(shao)(shao)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通(tong)過(guo), 因此(ci)，空(kong)(kong)腔(qiang)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)很弱(ruo)。同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因，當(dang)螺管(guan)(guan)中有(you)(you)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)試(shi)樣時(shi)，螺管(guan)(guan)中磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻(yun)性(xing)已遭(zao)到破(po)壞(huai)，絕大部分(fen)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)也應通(tong)過(guo)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)試(shi)樣，在磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)開(kai)路(lu)(lu)情況(kuang)下只有(you)(you)少(shao)(shao)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通(tong)過(guo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)隙(xi)，因此(ci)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)得(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)就(jiu)很小；在閉合磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路(lu)(lu)情況(kuang)下由(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)扼體和(he)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)試(shi)樣共同作用(yong)，使較(jiao)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通(tong)過(guo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)隙(xi)，因此(ci)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)得(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)就(jiu)較(jiao)大 [1] 。強(qiang)(qiang)場(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)于(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)永(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料(liao)(liao)（即(ji)硬磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料(liao)(liao)）試(shi)樣。又稱永(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)。由(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)永(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料(liao)(liao)在測(ce)(ce)(ce)量與(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)時(shi)要求有(you)(you)很強(qiang)(qiang)而集中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)，且永(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料(liao)(liao)試(shi)樣多是開(kai)路(lu)(lu)形式，故專門制(zhi)造了這種(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)。強(qiang)(qiang)場(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)由(you)(you)(you)(you)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛(e)、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)等構(gou)(gou)成（圖2），試(shi)樣夾(jia)在可動磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)與(yu)固(gu)定磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)之間(jian)。為使磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)集中在試(shi)樣上(shang)，須使磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛(e)消耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)安匝盡量少(shao)(shao)，因此(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛(e)通(tong)常采(cai)用(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)(liao)，并(bing)且截(jie)面(mian)較(jiao)大，制(zhi)作時(shi)要求有(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝水平(ping)。磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)由(you)(you)(you)(you)直流電(dian)源供電(dian)，其容量可滿足(zu)產生足(zu)夠(gou)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飽和(he)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)Hm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要。Hm一(yi)般取(qu)被測(ce)(ce)(ce)材料(liao)(liao)內(nei)稟(bing)矯頑力(li)(li)Hcj的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)3～5倍(bei)，電(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定度(du)(du)應保證在1分(fen)鐘(zhong)內(nei)變(bian)化(hua)不超過(guo)0.1%。
計(ji)為(wei)快(kuai)速(su)檢驗和分(fen)選(xuan)永磁(ci)材料，常采用對稱雙軛磁(ci)導計(ji)結構。它的兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)軛*對稱，4個(ge)(ge)磁(ci)化線圈*相同，并串聯在(zai)(zai)一起。未放入試(shi)樣時，左右兩(liang)氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)的磁(ci)通相等，中(zhong)間氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)的磁(ci)通為(wei)零。在(zai)(zai)一邊(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)中(zhong)放入試(shi)樣后(hou)，磁(ci)路平衡被破壞(huai)，中(zhong)間氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)存在(zai)(zai)有正比于試(shi)樣磁(ci)化強度的磁(ci)通。作(zuo)用于試(shi)樣的磁(ci)場(chang)強度，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)另(ling)一邊(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)測得(de)。如在(zai)(zai)一邊(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)內(nei)放入標(biao)準(zhun)試(shi)樣，則可(ke)對放在(zai)(zai)另(ling)一邊(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)中(zhong)的試(shi)樣進行分(fen)選(xuan)
數(shu)(shu)字電(dian)(dian)容表(biao)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種智能(neng)型、性(xing)能(neng)穩定(ding)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)可(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)、3 5/6數(shu)(shu)字多用表(biao)，儀(yi)表(biao)采(cai)用33mm字高(gao)(gao)(gao)LCD顯(xian)示(shi)器，讀數(shu)(shu)清(qing)晰，顯(xian)示(shi)直(zhi)觀(guan)，操作方便(bian)，可(ke)(ke)用來測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)容、二極管及通斷測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)；同時還設(she)有單位(wei)符號顯(xian)示(shi)、數(shu)(shu)據保持、大小(xiao)値測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，自動(dong)(dong)(dong)/手動(dong)(dong)(dong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)轉(zhuan)換、自動(dong)(dong)(dong)斷電(dian)(dian)、自動(dong)(dong)(dong)識別及報(bao)警功能(neng)。整機采(cai)用了一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)能(neng)直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)LCD微處理器和雙積(ji)分A/D轉(zhuan)換集(ji)成電(dian)(dian)路(lu)，一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)提(ti)供(gong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)分辨力、高(gao)(gao)(gao)精(jing)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)字顯(xian)示(shi)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，該表(biao)功能(neng)齊全，測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)準確度高(gao)(gao)(gao)，使用方便(bian)，是(shi)實驗室、工廠、無(wu)線電(dian)(dian)愛(ai)好者(zhe)及家庭(ting)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理想工具。確認電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和保險絲已正(zheng)確安裝；要(yao)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容在(zai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)前已充分放電(dian)(dian)；要(yao)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容，其極性(xing)要(yao)與測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)端子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極性(xing)一(yi)(yi)致；請一(yi)(yi)定(ding)注(zhu)意，不(bu)要(yao)在(zai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)端子加載電(dian)(dian)壓，否則(ze)(ze)將導致嚴(yan)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損害；不(bu)要(yao)嘗(chang)試(shi)(shi)(shi)短接(jie)兩個(ge)(ge)輸入端子，否則(ze)(ze)將極大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)浪(lang)費電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，并以(yi)過載顯(xian)示(shi)；如(ru)果被測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容器是(shi)未(wei)知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，請從(cong)小(xiao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)開(kai)始測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，并逐(zhu)步(bu)加大直(zhi)到(dao)得(de)到(dao)合適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值。為快(kuai)速檢(jian)驗和分選(xuan)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)材料，常采(cai)用對稱(cheng)雙軛磁(ci)(ci)導計結構。它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩個(ge)(ge)U狀磁(ci)(ci)軛*對稱(cheng)，4個(ge)(ge)磁(ci)(ci)化線圈*相(xiang)同，并串聯在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起。未(wei)放入試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)時，左右(you)兩氣(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通相(xiang)等，中(zhong)間氣(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通為零。在(zai)一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)(xi)中(zhong)放入試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)后，磁(ci)(ci)路(lu)平(ping)衡被破壞(huai)，中(zhong)間氣(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)存在(zai)有正(zheng)比于試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)磁(ci)(ci)化強度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通。作用于試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場強度，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)另一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)得(de)。如(ru)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)放入標準試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)，則(ze)(ze)可(ke)(ke)對放在(zai)另一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)氣(qi)隙(xi)(xi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)進行(xing)分選(xuan)。量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)選(xuan)擇
選(xuan)(xuan)擇功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)是選(xuan)(xuan)擇功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)和電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時應使(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)小于(yu)(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)低于(yu)(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，而不(bu)能僅從功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)來考慮。例(li)如，兩(liang)只功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)，量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)別是IA、300V和2A、150V，由(you)計算可知其功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)均(jun)為(wei)300W，如果要測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)一負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)220V、電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)IA的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)時應逸用(yong)(yong)IA、300V的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)，而2A、150V的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)雖功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)也大(da)于(yu)(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)，但是由(you)于(yu)(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)高于(yu)(yu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)所能承受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)150V，故(gu)不(bu)能使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。所以，在測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)前要根據負(fu)(fu)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和額定電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來選(xuan)(xuan)擇功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)。
測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)系測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)機構的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉動(dong)(dong)力矩(ju)方向(xiang)和兩線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)方向(xiang)有關，為(wei)了(le)防止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)系功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)指針反(fan)偏(pian)，接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標(biao)有“·”號的(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)必須(xu)接(jie)(jie)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)，而(er)(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)另(ling)(ling)一(yi)端(duan)則(ze)與(yu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)相連，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)以(yi)串(chuan)聯形式接(jie)(jie)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)。功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標(biao)有“·”號的(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)可以(yi)接(jie)(jie)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)任一(yi)端(duan)上(shang)，而(er)(er)另(ling)(ling)一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)則(ze)跨接(jie)(jie)到(dao)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)另(ling)(ling)一(yi)端(duan)，當負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)遠遠大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)前(qian)接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。這時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)和，功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)和。如果負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)遠遠大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，則(ze)可以(yi)略去(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)所(suo)(suo)造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結果比較(jiao)接(jie)(jie)近負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)值(zhi)。當負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)遠遠小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)后接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)(fa) 。這時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)兩端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)雖然等(deng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)卻等(deng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)與(yu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)之(zhi)和，測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)讀數為(wei)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)和。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)遠小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)大(da)減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)，其(qi)對測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結果的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響也(ye)可以(yi)大(da)為(wei)減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)。如界被(bei)測負(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)身(shen)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)較(jiao)大(da)，可以(yi)不(bu)考慮功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)本(ben)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)對測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結果的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，則(ze)兩種接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)(fa)可以(yi)任意選(xuan)(xuan)擇。選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)前(qian)接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，因為(wei)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)一(yi)般都(dou)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)支(zhi)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。正(zheng)確讀數一(yi)般安(an)裝式功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)為(wei)直讀單(dan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)式，表(biao)(biao)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)示數即為(wei)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)數。但便(bian)攜式功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)一(yi)般為(wei)多(duo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)式，在(zai)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)度尺(chi)上(shang)不(bu)直接(jie)(jie)標(biao)注示數，只標(biao)注分(fen)格(ge)。在(zai)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，每(mei)一(yi)分(fen)格(ge)都(dou)可以(yi)表(biao)(biao)示不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)數。在(zai)讀數時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應先(xian)根(gen)據(ju)所(suo)(suo)選(xuan)(xuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)U、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)I以(yi)及標(biao)度尺(chi)滿(man)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)數&，求出每(mei)格(ge)瓦數（又稱功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)常數）C，然后再乘上(shang)指針偏(pian)轉的(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)數夕(xi)，就(jiu)可得(de)到(dao)所(suo)(suo)測功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)P.用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化開磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路軟磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)試(shi)樣。又稱軟磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計。其(qi)結構見圖1。材(cai)(cai)料(liao)試(shi)樣夾在(zai)兩U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛之(zhi)間(jian)，并穿過均勻分(fen)布(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛由(you)硅(gui)鋼片(pian)疊制(zhi)而(er)(er)成。用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)場磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計代替(ti)愛潑(po)斯坦儀(yi)測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)硅(gui)鋼片(pian)等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)特性和鐵損，無需剪(jian)裁，可節省大(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)試(shi)樣材(cai)(cai)料(liao)，并能(neng)方便(bian)地裝入和取出試(shi)樣。較(jiao)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)場磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計只使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)個U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛，試(shi)樣可采用(yong)(yong)(yong)更(geng)小(xiao)(xiao)尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)切片(pian)（見硅(gui)鋼片(pian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)特性測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)）。
由(you)(you)于(yu)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用,導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)螺(luo)線管內(nei)(nei)(nei)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻(yun)(yun)性(xing)遭到破壞,磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)線圈(quan)常數由(you)(you)此產生(sheng)變(bian)化,使磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)能測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)果(guo)嚴重失真.所以(yi),用中(zhong)(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)來測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)軟磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料棒形試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)能是不適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de).當把一(yi)(yi)個鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)封閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盒子放人均勻(yun)(yun)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)，則盒壁與(yu)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)構成(cheng)了并聯磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路(lu)(lu)。由(you)(you)于(yu)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相對(dui)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率(lv)遠遠大(da)于(yu)空(kong)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相對(dui)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率(lv)，因此，空(kong)腔(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻就(jiu)遠遠大(da)于(yu)盒壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻，所以(yi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)線幾乎全(quan)部從(cong)盒壁內(nei)(nei)(nei)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)，而空(kong)腔(qiang)內(nei)(nei)(nei)僅有極(ji)(ji)少數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)線通過(guo)(guo)(guo), 因此，空(kong)腔(qiang)內(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)很弱。同(tong)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因，當螺(luo)管中(zhong)(zhong)有鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)時，螺(luo)管中(zhong)(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻(yun)(yun)性(xing)已遭到破壞，絕(jue)大(da)部分磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)線也(ye)應通過(guo)(guo)(guo)鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)，在磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)開路(lu)(lu)情況下只有少數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)線通過(guo)(guo)(guo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)線圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)隙，因此，測(ce)(ce)得磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)強(qiang)度就(jiu)很小(xiao)；在閉合磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路(lu)(lu)情況下由(you)(you)于(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)扼體和鐵(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)共同(tong)作(zuo)用，使較多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)線通過(guo)(guo)(guo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)線圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)隙，因此，測(ce)(ce)得磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)強(qiang)度就(jiu)較大(da) [1] 。強(qiang)場(chang)(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)于(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化永磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料（即(ji)硬磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料）試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)。又稱永磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)。由(you)(you)于(yu)永磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料在測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化時要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)有很強(qiang)而集中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，且永磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)多是開路(lu)(lu)形式，故專門制造了這種磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)。強(qiang)場(chang)(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)計(ji)(ji)由(you)(you)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)(ji)、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化線圈(quan)等構成(cheng)（圖2），試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)夾在可(ke)動磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)(ji)與(yu)固定磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)(ji)之間(jian)(jian)。為(wei)使磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)集中(zhong)(zhong)在試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)上(shang)，須使磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛消耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化安匝盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)少，因此磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛通常采用磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率(lv)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料，并且截面較大(da)，制作(zuo)時要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)有較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工藝水平(ping)。磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化線圈(quan)由(you)(you)直流電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)電(dian)，其(qi)(qi)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)可(ke)滿(man)足產生(sheng)足夠大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飽和磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)強(qiang)度Hm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)。Hm一(yi)(yi)般取被(bei)測(ce)(ce)材(cai)料內(nei)(nei)(nei)稟(bing)矯頑力(li)Hcj的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)3～5倍，電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定度應保證在1分鐘(zhong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)變(bian)化不超過(guo)(guo)(guo)0.1%。
計為快(kuai)速檢驗(yan)和分(fen)(fen)選永磁(ci)(ci)材(cai)料(liao)，常采用對稱雙(shuang)軛磁(ci)(ci)導計結構。它的(de)(de)兩個U狀磁(ci)(ci)軛*對稱，4個磁(ci)(ci)化線(xian)圈*相同，并串聯在(zai)(zai)(zai)一起。未放入試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)時，左右兩氣(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通相等，中間(jian)(jian)氣(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通為零。在(zai)(zai)(zai)一邊(bian)氣(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)中放入試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)后，磁(ci)(ci)路平衡被破壞，中間(jian)(jian)氣(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)(nei)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)有正比于試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)磁(ci)(ci)化強度的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通。作(zuo)用于試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場強度，可在(zai)(zai)(zai)另一邊(bian)氣(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)(nei)測得。如在(zai)(zai)(zai)一邊(bian)氣(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)(nei)放入標準試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)，則可對放在(zai)(zai)(zai)另一邊(bian)氣(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)中的(de)(de)試(shi)樣(yang)(yang)進行分(fen)(fen)選
數字電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)表是一(yi)種智能(neng)(neng)型、性(xing)能(neng)(neng)穩(wen)定、高(gao)可靠性(xing)、3 5/6數字多用表，儀表采(cai)用33mm字高(gao)LCD顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)器，讀數清晰，顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)直(zhi)觀，操作方便，可用來測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)、二極(ji)管及(ji)通(tong)(tong)斷測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)；同(tong)時還設有(you)單位符號顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)、數據(ju)保持(chi)、大小(xiao)値測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)，自動/手(shou)動量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)轉換、自動斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)、自動識(shi)別及(ji)報警(jing)功能(neng)(neng)。整機采(cai)用了(le)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)能(neng)(neng)直(zhi)接驅(qu)動LCD微(wei)處理器和(he)雙(shuang)積(ji)分(fen)A/D轉換集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)提供(gong)高(gao)分(fen)辨力、高(gao)精度(du)的(de)(de)數字顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)驅(qu)動，該(gai)表功能(neng)(neng)齊全，測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)準確(que)度(du)高(gao)，使(shi)用方便，是實驗室、工(gong)廠、無線電(dian)(dian)(dian)愛好者及(ji)家庭(ting)的(de)(de)理想(xiang)工(gong)具(ju)。確(que)認電(dian)(dian)(dian)池和(he)保險絲已正確(que)安裝；要(yao)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)前已充分(fen)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)；要(yao)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，其(qi)極(ji)性(xing)要(yao)與(yu)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)端(duan)子的(de)(de)極(ji)性(xing)一(yi)致；請一(yi)定注意，不要(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)端(duan)子加(jia)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，否則將導致嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)損(sun)害；不要(yao)嘗試(shi)(shi)短接兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)輸入(ru)(ru)端(duan)子，否則將極(ji)大的(de)(de)浪費電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)，并以過載顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)；如果被測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器是未知的(de)(de)，請從小(xiao)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)開始測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)，并逐步加(jia)大直(zhi)到(dao)得到(dao)合適的(de)(de)值。為快速檢驗和(he)分(fen)選(xuan)(xuan)永磁材料，常(chang)采(cai)用對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)雙(shuang)軛磁導計結構。它(ta)的(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)U狀磁軛*對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)，4個(ge)(ge)(ge)磁化(hua)線圈(quan)*相同(tong)，并串聯在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)起(qi)。未放入(ru)(ru)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)時，左右兩(liang)氣(qi)隙內(nei)的(de)(de)磁通(tong)(tong)相等，中(zhong)間氣(qi)隙內(nei)的(de)(de)磁通(tong)(tong)為零。在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)邊(bian)(bian)氣(qi)隙中(zhong)放入(ru)(ru)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)后，磁路(lu)平衡被破壞，中(zhong)間氣(qi)隙內(nei)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)正比于試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)磁化(hua)強度(du)的(de)(de)磁通(tong)(tong)。作用于試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)磁場強度(du)，可在(zai)(zai)(zai)另一(yi)邊(bian)(bian)氣(qi)隙內(nei)測(ce)(ce)得。如在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)邊(bian)(bian)氣(qi)隙內(nei)放入(ru)(ru)標準試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)，則可對(dui)(dui)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)另一(yi)邊(bian)(bian)氣(qi)隙中(zhong)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)進行分(fen)選(xuan)(xuan)。量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)選(xuan)(xuan)擇
選擇功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)的(de)(de)量(liang)程(cheng)就是(shi)(shi)選擇功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)中的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流量(liang)程(cheng)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)程(cheng)。使(shi)用(yong)時應使(shi)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)中的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流量(liang)程(cheng)不(bu)小于(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)程(cheng)不(bu)低于(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，而(er)不(bu)能(neng)僅從功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)量(liang)程(cheng)來(lai)考慮。例如，兩只功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)，量(liang)程(cheng)分(fen)別是(shi)(shi)IA、300V和(he)2A、150V，由(you)計算(suan)可(ke)知其功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)量(liang)程(cheng)均為(wei)300W，如果(guo)要(yao)測量(liang)一負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)220V、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)IA的(de)(de)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)時應逸用(yong)IA、300V的(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)，而(er)2A、150V的(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)雖功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)量(liang)程(cheng)也大于(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，但是(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于(yu)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)所能(neng)承受的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)150V，故不(bu)能(neng)使(shi)用(yong)。所以，在測量(liang)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)前要(yao)根據負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流來(lai)選擇功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)的(de)(de)量(liang)程(cheng)。
測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)系測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)機構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)動(dong)力矩方向和(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)方向有關，為(wei)(wei)了防止電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)系功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指針反偏，接線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)標有“·”號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)必(bi)須接到電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)則與負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)相(xiang)連，電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)以(yi)串聯形式(shi)接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)標有“·”號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)接到電(dian)(dian)(dian)源端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)上，而(er)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)端(duan)鈕(niu)(niu)則跨(kua)接到負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)，當(dang)(dang)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遠(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)大于電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)前(qian)接法。這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)之和(he)(he)(he)，功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)之和(he)(he)(he)。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)(guo)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遠(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)大于電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，則可(ke)(ke)以(yi)略去(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)壓(ya)所(suo)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響，測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果(guo)(guo)比較接近負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)值。當(dang)(dang)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遠(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)小(xiao)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)后接法 。這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)雖然(ran)等(deng)于負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)卻等(deng)于負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)與功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)之和(he)(he)(he)，測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)之和(he)(he)(he)。由(you)于此時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻遠(yuan)(yuan)小(xiao)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，所(suo)以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)分(fen)流(liu)(liu)作用(yong)(yong)大大減小(xiao)，其對(dui)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)大為(wei)(wei)減小(xiao)。如(ru)(ru)界被測(ce)(ce)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)本身功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)較大，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)不考慮功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)對(dui)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響，則兩(liang)種接法可(ke)(ke)以(yi)任(ren)意選擇。選用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)前(qian)接法，因為(wei)(wei)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)都(dou)小(xiao)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)支路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。正確讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)安裝(zhuang)式(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)為(wei)(wei)直(zhi)讀(du)單量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)式(shi)，表(biao)(biao)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)示(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)即為(wei)(wei)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。但便攜式(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)為(wei)(wei)多量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)式(shi)，在(zai)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標度尺(chi)上不直(zhi)接標注示(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，只標注分(fen)格(ge)。在(zai)選用(yong)(yong)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)格(ge)都(dou)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)表(biao)(biao)示(shi)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。在(zai)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應先根據所(suo)選的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)U、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)I以(yi)及標度尺(chi)滿量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)&，求(qiu)出每格(ge)瓦數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)（又(you)稱(cheng)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)表(biao)(biao)常(chang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)）C，然(ran)后再乘(cheng)上指針偏轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)夕，就可(ke)(ke)得到所(suo)測(ce)(ce)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)P.用(yong)(yong)于磁(ci)化(hua)開磁(ci)路(lu)軟磁(ci)材料(liao)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)。又(you)稱(cheng)軟磁(ci)磁(ci)導計(ji)。其結構見圖1。材料(liao)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)夾在(zai)兩(liang)U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)軛之間，并穿過均勻分(fen)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)化(hua)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)。磁(ci)軛由(you)硅(gui)(gui)鋼片疊制而(er)成(cheng)。用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場磁(ci)導計(ji)代替愛潑斯坦儀測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)硅(gui)(gui)鋼片等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)特性和(he)(he)(he)鐵損(sun)，無需(xu)剪(jian)裁，可(ke)(ke)節省大量(liang)(liang)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)材料(liao)，并能方便地裝(zhuang)入和(he)(he)(he)取(qu)出試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)。較簡(jian)單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場磁(ci)導計(ji)只使(shi)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個U狀(zhuang)磁(ci)軛，試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)可(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)更小(xiao)尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)切片（見硅(gui)(gui)鋼片磁(ci)特性測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)）。
由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)鐵(tie)(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)的(de)(de)作用(yong),導致螺(luo)線(xian)(xian)管內磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)均勻(yun)性(xing)遭(zao)到破壞,磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)常(chang)數(shu)由(you)(you)此(ci)產生變(bian)化(hua)(hua),使(shi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)能測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)結(jie)果嚴(yan)重(zhong)失真.所以(yi),用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)來測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)軟磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料(liao)棒形試樣(yang)的(de)(de)各(ge)項磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)能是不適宜的(de)(de).當把一個鐵(tie)(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)封閉(bi)的(de)(de)盒(he)子放(fang)人均勻(yun)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，則盒(he)壁(bi)與(yu)其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)空(kong)間(jian)構(gou)成(cheng)了并聯磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路(lu)(lu)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)鐵(tie)(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)的(de)(de)相對磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導率遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大于(yu)(yu)空(kong)氣的(de)(de)相對磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導率，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，空(kong)腔中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻就遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大于(yu)(yu)盒(he)壁(bi)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻，所以(yi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力線(xian)(xian)幾乎全(quan)部從(cong)盒(he)壁(bi)內通(tong)(tong)過(guo)，而(er)空(kong)腔內僅有(you)(you)極少(shao)數(shu)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力線(xian)(xian)通(tong)(tong)過(guo), 因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，空(kong)腔內的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)很(hen)(hen)弱。同(tong)(tong)樣(yang)的(de)(de)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)，當螺(luo)管中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)鐵(tie)(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)試樣(yang)時(shi)，螺(luo)管中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)均勻(yun)性(xing)已(yi)遭(zao)到破壞，絕大部分磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力線(xian)(xian)也應(ying)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)鐵(tie)(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)試樣(yang)，在磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)開(kai)路(lu)(lu)情況(kuang)(kuang)下只有(you)(you)少(shao)數(shu)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力線(xian)(xian)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)的(de)(de)間(jian)隙(xi)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)得(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)就很(hen)(hen)小；在閉(bi)合(he)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路(lu)(lu)情況(kuang)(kuang)下由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)扼體和鐵(tie)(tie)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)質(zhi)試樣(yang)共同(tong)(tong)作用(yong)，使(shi)較(jiao)多的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)力線(xian)(xian)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)的(de)(de)間(jian)隙(xi)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)得(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)就較(jiao)大 [1] 。強(qiang)(qiang)場(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)于(yu)(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)(hua)永(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料(liao)（即硬磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料(liao)）試樣(yang)。又稱(cheng)永(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)永(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料(liao)在測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)與(yu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)(hua)時(shi)要求有(you)(you)很(hen)(hen)強(qiang)(qiang)而(er)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)，且永(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料(liao)試樣(yang)多是開(kai)路(lu)(lu)形式，故專門制造了這種磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)。強(qiang)(qiang)場(chang)(chang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)由(you)(you)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)(hua)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)等構(gou)成(cheng)（圖2），試樣(yang)夾在可動磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極與(yu)固定磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極之間(jian)。為使(shi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)(hua)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在試樣(yang)上，須使(shi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛消耗的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)(hua)安匝(za)盡量(liang)少(shao)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛通(tong)(tong)常(chang)采(cai)用(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導率高的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)，并且截面較(jiao)大，制作時(shi)要求有(you)(you)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)工藝水(shui)平(ping)。磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)(hua)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)由(you)(you)直流電(dian)源供(gong)電(dian)，其容量(liang)可滿足產生足夠大的(de)(de)飽和磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)Hm的(de)(de)需要。Hm一般(ban)取(qu)被測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)材(cai)料(liao)內稟矯頑力Hcj的(de)(de)3～5倍，電(dian)源的(de)(de)穩定度(du)應(ying)保證(zheng)在1分鐘內變(bian)化(hua)(hua)不超過(guo)0.1%。
計(ji)(ji)為(wei)快速檢驗和(he)分(fen)選(xuan)永磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料，常采用對稱(cheng)雙軛(e)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導計(ji)(ji)結(jie)構(gou)。它的(de)兩(liang)個U狀磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)軛(e)*對稱(cheng)，4個磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)線圈*相(xiang)同，并串聯在(zai)一(yi)起。未放(fang)入(ru)(ru)試(shi)樣時，左右兩(liang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)的(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)通相(xiang)等，中間氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)的(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)通為(wei)零。在(zai)一(yi)邊(bian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)中放(fang)入(ru)(ru)試(shi)樣后，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)路平衡被破壞，中間氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)存在(zai)有正比于試(shi)樣磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)強度的(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)通。作用于試(shi)樣的(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場強度，可在(zai)另(ling)(ling)一(yi)邊(bian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)測得。如在(zai)一(yi)邊(bian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)內(nei)放(fang)入(ru)(ru)標準試(shi)樣，則可對放(fang)在(zai)另(ling)(ling)一(yi)邊(bian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)隙(xi)(xi)中的(de)試(shi)樣進行分(fen)選(xuan)
數字(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)表(biao)是一(yi)(yi)種智(zhi)能型、性能穩(wen)定(ding)、高可(ke)靠性、3 5/6數字(zi)多用(yong)表(biao)，儀表(biao)采(cai)用(yong)33mm字(zi)高LCD顯示(shi)(shi)器，讀數清晰，顯示(shi)(shi)直觀(guan)，操作(zuo)方便，可(ke)用(yong)來(lai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)、二(er)極管及(ji)通斷(duan)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試；同時還設(she)有單位符號顯示(shi)(shi)、數據保持、大小値測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，自(zi)動/手動量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程轉(zhuan)換、自(zi)動斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、自(zi)動識(shi)別及(ji)報警功(gong)能。整(zheng)機(ji)采(cai)用(yong)了(le)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)能直接(jie)驅動LCD微處理器和雙積(ji)分A/D轉(zhuan)換集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，一(yi)(yi)個(ge)提供高分辨力(li)、高精度(du)的(de)(de)數字(zi)顯示(shi)(shi)驅動，該表(biao)功(gong)能齊全，測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)準確度(du)高，使用(yong)方便，是實驗室、工(gong)廠、無(wu)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)愛好者及(ji)家(jia)庭的(de)(de)理想工(gong)具。確認電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和保險絲已(yi)正確安裝；要(yao)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)前(qian)已(yi)充分放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；要(yao)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)，其極性要(yao)與測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)子(zi)的(de)(de)極性一(yi)(yi)致；請(qing)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)注意(yi)，不要(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)子(zi)加(jia)(jia)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，否則將導致嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)損害；不要(yao)嘗試短接(jie)兩(liang)個(ge)輸入(ru)(ru)端(duan)子(zi)，否則將極大的(de)(de)浪費(fei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，并(bing)(bing)以過載顯示(shi)(shi)；如果被測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器是未知(zhi)的(de)(de)，請(qing)從小量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程開(kai)始測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，并(bing)(bing)逐步加(jia)(jia)大直到得到合適的(de)(de)值。為(wei)(wei)快速檢驗和分選(xuan)永磁(ci)(ci)材料，常采(cai)用(yong)對稱(cheng)雙軛磁(ci)(ci)導計結(jie)構。它的(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)U狀磁(ci)(ci)軛*對稱(cheng)，4個(ge)磁(ci)(ci)化線圈*相同，并(bing)(bing)串(chuan)聯在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)起。未放(fang)入(ru)(ru)試樣(yang)(yang)時，左右兩(liang)氣隙內的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通相等，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間氣隙內的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通為(wei)(wei)零。在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)邊氣隙中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)放(fang)入(ru)(ru)試樣(yang)(yang)后，磁(ci)(ci)路(lu)平衡被破壞，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間氣隙內存在(zai)(zai)(zai)有正比于試樣(yang)(yang)磁(ci)(ci)化強度(du)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)通。作(zuo)用(yong)于試樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)強度(du)，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)另一(yi)(yi)邊氣隙內測(ce)(ce)(ce)得。如在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)邊氣隙內放(fang)入(ru)(ru)標準試樣(yang)(yang)，則可(ke)對放(fang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)另一(yi)(yi)邊氣隙中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)試樣(yang)(yang)進(jin)行(xing)分選(xuan)。量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)程選(xuan)擇(ze)
選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)的(de)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)是選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。使用(yong)時應使功(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)小(xiao)于負(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)低于負(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，而(er)不(bu)能僅(jin)從功(gong)率(lv)(lv)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)來(lai)考慮。例如(ru)，兩(liang)只功(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)，量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)別(bie)是IA、300V和2A、150V，由計(ji)算可知其功(gong)率(lv)(lv)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)均為(wei)300W，如(ru)果要測量(liang)(liang)一(yi)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)220V、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)IA的(de)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)時應逸用(yong)IA、300V的(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)，而(er)2A、150V的(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)雖功(gong)率(lv)(lv)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也大于負(fu)載(zai)(zai)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)，但是由于負(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高于功(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)所能承受的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)150V，故不(bu)能使用(yong)。所以，在測量(liang)(liang)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)前要根(gen)據負(fu)載(zai)(zai)的(de)額(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和額(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)來(lai)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)表(biao)的(de)量(liang)(liang)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。
測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)系(xi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)機構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉動(dong)力矩方(fang)向和(he)(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)方(fang)向有(you)關，為了防止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)系(xi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)反偏，接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標有(you)“·”號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)(duan)鈕必須(xu)接(jie)(jie)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)則(ze)(ze)與(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)相連，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)以(yi)串聯形(xing)式接(jie)(jie)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)。功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標有(you)“·”號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)(duan)鈕可(ke)以(yi)接(jie)(jie)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)端(duan)(duan)鈕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)上(shang)，而另一(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)端(duan)(duan)鈕則(ze)(ze)跨接(jie)(jie)到負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)，當負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)遠遠大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)前接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)。這時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)，功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)和(he)(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)。如果(guo)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)遠遠大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)，則(ze)(ze)可(ke)以(yi)略去電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)所造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果(guo)比較接(jie)(jie)近負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)值。當負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)遠遠小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)后接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa) 。這時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)雖然等于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)卻(que)等于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)與(yu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)之(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)，測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)讀數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)為負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此時(shi)(shi)(shi)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)遠小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)，所以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)減小(xiao)，其對測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)也可(ke)以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)為減小(xiao)。如界被測(ce)(ce)負(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)本身功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)較大(da)(da)(da)，可(ke)以(yi)不考慮功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)對測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，則(ze)(ze)兩(liang)種(zhong)接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)可(ke)以(yi)任意選擇。選用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)前接(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)，因(yin)為功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)一(yi)(yi)般都(dou)(dou)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)支路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)。正確讀數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)般安(an)裝式功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)為直讀單量(liang)(liang)程式，表(biao)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)示(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)即為功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。但便(bian)攜式功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)一(yi)(yi)般為多量(liang)(liang)程式，在表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標度尺上(shang)不直接(jie)(jie)標注示(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，只(zhi)標注分格(ge)(ge)(ge)。在選用(yong)(yong)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)程時(shi)(shi)(shi)，每(mei)一(yi)(yi)分格(ge)(ge)(ge)都(dou)(dou)可(ke)以(yi)表(biao)示(shi)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。在讀數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應先根據所選的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)量(liang)(liang)程U、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)程I以(yi)及標度尺滿(man)量(liang)(liang)程時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)(ge)(ge)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)&，求出每(mei)格(ge)(ge)(ge)瓦數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)（又稱功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表(biao)常數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)）C，然后再(zai)乘上(shang)指(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)偏轉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)(ge)(ge)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)夕，就(jiu)可(ke)得(de)到所測(ce)(ce)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)P.